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basic/sorting/BubbleSort/README.md

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## 代码示例
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<!-- tabs:start -->
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### **Java**
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```java
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import java.util.Arrays;
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public class BubbleSort {
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private static void bubbleSort(int[] nums) {
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boolean hasChange = true;
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for (int i = 0, n = nums.length; i < n - 1 && hasChange; ++i) {
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hasChange = false;
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for (int j = 0; j < n - i - 1; ++j) {
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if (nums[j] > nums[j + 1]) {
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swap(nums, j, j + 1);
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hasChange = true;
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}
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}
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}
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}
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private static void swap(int[] nums, int i, int j) {
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int t = nums[i];
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nums[i] = nums[j];
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nums[j] = t;
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}
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public static void main(String[] args) {
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int[] nums = {1, 2, 7, 9, 5, 8};
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bubbleSort(nums);
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System.out.println(Arrays.toString(nums));
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}
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}
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```
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### **JavaScript**
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```js
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function bubbleSort(inputArr) {
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for (let i = inputArr.length - 1; i > 0; i--) {
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let hasChange = false;
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for (let j = 0; j < i; j++) {
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if (inputArr[j] > inputArr[j + 1]) {
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const temp = inputArr[j];
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inputArr[j] = inputArr[j + 1];
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inputArr[j + 1] = temp;
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hasChange = true;
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}
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}
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if (!hasChange) {
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break;
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}
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}
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return inputArr;
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}
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const arr = [6, 3, 2, 1, 5];
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console.log(bubbleSort(arr));
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```
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### **Go**
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```go
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package main
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import "fmt"
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func bubbleSort(nums []int) {
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hasChange := true
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for i, n := 0, len(nums); i < n-1 && hasChange; i++ {
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hasChange = false
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for j := 0; j < n-i-1; j++ {
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if nums[j] > nums[j+1] {
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nums[j], nums[j+1] = nums[j+1], nums[j]
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hasChange = true
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}
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}
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}
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}
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func main() {
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nums := []int{1, 2, 7, 9, 5, 8}
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bubbleSort(nums)
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fmt.Println(nums)
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}
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```
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### **C++**
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```cpp
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#include <iostream>
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#include <vector>
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using namespace std;
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void bubbleSort(vector<int>& arr) {
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int n = arr.size();
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for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; ++i) {
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bool change = false;
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for (int j = 0; j < n - i - 1; ++j) {
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if (arr[j] > arr[j + 1]) {
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swap(arr[j], arr[j + 1]);
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change = true;
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}
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}
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if (!change) break;
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}
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}
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int main() {
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vector<int> arr = {9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0};
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bubbleSort(arr);
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for (int v : arr) cout << v << " ";
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cout << endl;
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}
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```
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### **Rust**
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```rust
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fn bubble_sort(nums: &mut Vec<i32>) {
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let n = nums.len();
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for i in 0..n - 1 {
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for j in i..n {
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if nums[i] > nums[j] {
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let temp = nums[i];
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nums[i] = nums[j];
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nums[j] = temp;
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}
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}
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}
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}
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fn main() {
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let mut nums = vec![1, 2, 7, 9, 5, 8];
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bubble_sort(&mut nums);
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println!("{:?}", nums);
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}
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```
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### **C#**
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```cs
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using static System.Console;
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namespace Pro;
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public class Program
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{
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public static void Main()
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{
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int[] test = new int[] { 56, 876, 34, 23, 45, 501, 2, 3, 4, 6, 5, 7, 8, 9, 11, 10, 12, 23, 34 };
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BubbleSortNums(test);
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foreach (var item in test)
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{
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WriteLine(item);
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}
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ReadLine();
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}
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public static void BubbleSortNums(int[] nums)
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{
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int numchange = 0;
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for (int initial = 0; initial < nums.Length - numchange; initial++)
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{
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WriteLine($"{initial} start ");
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// 记录此值 用于迭代开始位置
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bool changelog = false;
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for (int second_sortnum = initial; second_sortnum < nums.Length - 1; second_sortnum++)
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{
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if (nums[second_sortnum] > nums[second_sortnum + 1])
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{
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swap(ref nums[second_sortnum], ref nums[second_sortnum + 1]);
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if (!changelog)
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{
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// 记录转换的位置,让initial开始位置从转换位置前开始
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initial = ((second_sortnum - 2) > 0) ? (second_sortnum - 2) : -1;
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numchange += 1;
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}
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changelog = true;
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}
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}
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}
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}
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private static void swap(ref int compare_left, ref int compare_right)
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{
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int temp = compare_left;
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compare_left = compare_right;
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compare_right = temp;
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}
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}
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```
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### **Python3**
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```python
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def bubbleSort(arr):
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n = len(arr)
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# Iterate over all array elements
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for i in range(n):
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# Last i elements are already in place
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for j in range(n - i - 1):
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if arr[j] > arr[j + 1]:
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arr[j], arr[j + 1] = arr[j + 1], arr[j]
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# 改进版本
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def bubbleSort(arr):
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n = len(arr)
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for i in range(n - 1):
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has_change = False
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for j in range(n - i - 1):
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if arr[j] > arr[j + 1]:
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arr[j], arr[j + 1] = arr[j + 1], arr[j]
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has_change = True
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if not has_change:
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break
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arr = [64, 34, 25, 12, 22, 11, 90]
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bubbleSort(arr)
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print(arr)
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```
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<!-- tabs:end -->
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## 算法分析
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空间复杂度 $O(1)$、时间复杂度 $O(n^2)$。
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分情况讨论:
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1. 给定的数组按照顺序已经排好:只需要进行 $n-1$ 次比较,两两交换次数为 0,时间复杂度为 $O(n)$,这是最好的情况。
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2. 给定的数组按照逆序排列:需要进行 $\frac{n\times (n-1)}{2}$ 次比较,时间复杂度为 $O(n^2)$,这是最坏的情况。
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3. 给定的数组杂乱无章。在这种情况下,平均时间复杂度 $O(n^2)$。
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因此,时间复杂度是 $O(n^2)$,这是一种稳定的排序算法。
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> 稳定是指,两个相等的数,在排序过后,相对位置保持不变。## 解法
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### 方法一
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```python
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def bubbleSort(arr):
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n = len(arr)

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