docs: named contexts

Signed-off-by: CrazyMax <[email protected]>

Author: crazy-max

README.md

@@ -22,12 +22,13 @@ ___
   * [Secrets](docs/advanced/secrets.md)
   * [Isolated builders](docs/advanced/isolated-builders.md)
   * [Push to multi-registries](docs/advanced/push-multi-registries.md)
-  * [Copy between registries](docs/advanced/copy-between-registries.md)  
+  * [Copy between registries](docs/advanced/copy-between-registries.md)
   * [Cache](docs/advanced/cache.md)
   * [Local registry](docs/advanced/local-registry.md)
   * [Export image to Docker](docs/advanced/export-docker.md)
   * [Share built image between jobs](docs/advanced/share-image-jobs.md)
   * [Test your image before pushing it](docs/advanced/test-before-push.md)
+  * [Named contexts](docs/advanced/named-contexts.md)
   * [Handle tags and labels](docs/advanced/tags-labels.md)
   * [Update DockerHub repo description](docs/advanced/dockerhub-desc.md)
 * [Customizing](#customizing)
@@ -176,6 +177,7 @@ jobs:
 * [Export image to Docker](docs/advanced/export-docker.md)
 * [Share built image between jobs](docs/advanced/share-image-jobs.md)
 * [Test your image before pushing it](docs/advanced/test-before-push.md)
+* [Named contexts](docs/advanced/named-contexts.md)
 * [Handle tags and labels](docs/advanced/tags-labels.md)
 * [Update DockerHub repo description](docs/advanced/dockerhub-desc.md)
 

docs/advanced/export-docker.md

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # Export image to Docker
 
-You may want your build result to be available in the Docker client through `docker images` to be able to use it
-in another step of your workflow:
+You may want your build result to be available in the Docker client through
+`docker images` to be able to use it in another step of your workflow:
 
 ```yaml
 name: ci
@@ -33,75 +33,3 @@ jobs:
         run: |
           docker image inspect myimage:latest
 ```
-
-
-## Usage of the built image in other build steps
-
-[By default](https://github.com/docker/setup-buildx-action#customizing), `docker/setup-buildx-action@v2` 
-uses `docker-container` as a build driver, so the docker images are not available in the builder container.
-To use them, you may use [build contexts](https://github.com/docker/buildx/blob/master/docs/reference/buildx_build.md#-additional-build-contexts---build-context):
-
-```yaml
-name: ci
-
-on:
-  push:
-    branches:
-      - 'main'
-
-jobs:
-  docker:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      -
-        name: Checkout
-        uses: actions/checkout@v3
-      -
-        name: Set up Docker Buildx
-        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v2
-      -
-        name: Build base image
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@v3
-        with:
-          context: base
-          load: true
-          tags: my-base-image:latest
-      -
-        name: Build image from my-base-image:latest
-        uses: docker/build-push-action@v3
-        with:
-          context: .
-          build-contexts: |
-            base-image=docker-image://my-base-image:latest
-          tags: myimage:latest
-```
-
-Where `base-image`is the name of the base image (or stage name if specified) in your Dockerfile:
-```Dockerfile
-FROM base-image
-```
-
-### Bake alternative
-
-You may also want to use [bake](https://docs.docker.com/build/bake/build-contexts/#using-a-result-of-one-target-as-a-base-image-in-another-target)
-and build the base image and the target image in one build step:
-```terraform
-# docker-bake.hcl
-target "base" {
-  dockerfile = "baseapp.Dockerfile"
-}
-
-target "app" {
-  contexts = {
-    baseapp = "target:base"
-  }
-}
-```
-
-```yaml
-      -
-        name: Build
-        uses: docker/bake-action@v2
-        with:
-          target: app
-```

docs/advanced/named-contexts.md

@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+# Named contexts
+
+You can define [additional build contexts](https://docs.docker.com/engine/reference/commandline/buildx_build/#build-context)
+that can be accessed in your Dockerfile with `FROM name` or `--from=name`. When
+Dockerfile defines a stage with the same name it is overwritten.
+
+This can be useful with GitHub Actions to reuse results from other builds or
+pin an image to a spcific tag in your workflow.
+
+## Pin image to a specific tag
+
+Replace `alpine:latest` with a pinned one:
+
+```dockerfile
+# syntax=docker/dockerfile:1
+FROM alpine
+RUN echo "Hello World"
+```
+
+```yaml
+name: ci
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - 'main'
+
+jobs:
+  docker:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      -
+        name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      -
+        name: Set up Docker Buildx
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v2
+      -
+        name: Build
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v3
+        with:
+          context: .
+          build-contexts: |
+            alpine=docker-image://alpine:3.16
+          tags: myimage:latest
+```
+
+## Usage of the built image in other build steps
+
+By default, the [`setup-buildx` action](https://github.com/docker/setup-buildx-action#about)
+uses `docker-container` as a build driver, so built Docker images are not
+available in the builder container.
+
+With named contexts you can reuse the built image:
+
+```dockerfile
+# syntax=docker/dockerfile:1
+FROM alpine
+RUN echo "Hello World"
+```
+
+```yaml
+name: ci
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - 'main'
+
+jobs:
+  docker:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      -
+        name: Checkout
+        uses: actions/checkout@v3
+      -
+        name: Set up Docker Buildx
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v2
+      -
+        name: Build base image
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v3
+        with:
+          context: base
+          load: true
+          tags: my-base-image:latest
+      -
+        name: Build
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v3
+        with:
+          context: .
+          build-contexts: |
+            alpine=docker-image://my-base-image:latest
+          tags: myimage:latest
+```