Support tuple in startswith/endswith for arrow strings (pandas-dev#56580)

Author: rohanjain101

doc/source/whatsnew/v2.2.0.rst

@@ -603,6 +603,7 @@ Strings
 - Bug in :meth:`Series.__mul__` for :class:`ArrowDtype` with ``pyarrow.string`` dtype and ``string[pyarrow]`` for the pyarrow backend (:issue:`51970`)
 - Bug in :meth:`Series.str.find` when ``start < 0`` for :class:`ArrowDtype` with ``pyarrow.string`` (:issue:`56411`)
 - Bug in :meth:`Series.str.replace` when ``n < 0`` for :class:`ArrowDtype` with ``pyarrow.string`` (:issue:`56404`)
+- Bug in :meth:`Series.str.startswith` and :meth:`Series.str.endswith` with arguments of type ``tuple[str, ...]`` for :class:`ArrowDtype` with ``pyarrow.string`` dtype (:issue:`56579`)
 - Bug in :meth:`Series.str.startswith` and :meth:`Series.str.endswith` with arguments of type ``tuple[str, ...]`` for ``string[pyarrow]`` (:issue:`54942`)
 
 Interval

pandas/core/arrays/arrow/array.py

@@ -2174,14 +2174,36 @@ def _str_contains(
             result = result.fill_null(na)
         return type(self)(result)
 
-    def _str_startswith(self, pat: str, na=None):
-        result = pc.starts_with(self._pa_array, pattern=pat)
+    def _str_startswith(self, pat: str | tuple[str, ...], na=None):
+        if isinstance(pat, str):
+            result = pc.starts_with(self._pa_array, pattern=pat)
+        else:
+            if len(pat) == 0:
+                # For empty tuple, pd.StringDtype() returns null for missing values
+                # and false for valid values.
+                result = pc.if_else(pc.is_null(self._pa_array), None, False)
+            else:
+                result = pc.starts_with(self._pa_array, pattern=pat[0])
+
+                for p in pat[1:]:
+                    result = pc.or_(result, pc.starts_with(self._pa_array, pattern=p))
         if not isna(na):
             result = result.fill_null(na)
         return type(self)(result)
 
-    def _str_endswith(self, pat: str, na=None):
-        result = pc.ends_with(self._pa_array, pattern=pat)
+    def _str_endswith(self, pat: str | tuple[str, ...], na=None):
+        if isinstance(pat, str):
+            result = pc.ends_with(self._pa_array, pattern=pat)
+        else:
+            if len(pat) == 0:
+                # For empty tuple, pd.StringDtype() returns null for missing values
+                # and false for valid values.
+                result = pc.if_else(pc.is_null(self._pa_array), None, False)
+            else:
+                result = pc.ends_with(self._pa_array, pattern=pat[0])
+
+                for p in pat[1:]:
+                    result = pc.or_(result, pc.ends_with(self._pa_array, pattern=p))
         if not isna(na):
             result = result.fill_null(na)
         return type(self)(result)

pandas/tests/extension/test_arrow.py

@@ -1801,19 +1801,33 @@ def test_str_contains_flags_unsupported():
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     "side, pat, na, exp",
     [
-        ["startswith", "ab", None, [True, None]],
-        ["startswith", "b", False, [False, False]],
-        ["endswith", "b", True, [False, True]],
-        ["endswith", "bc", None, [True, None]],
+        ["startswith", "ab", None, [True, None, False]],
+        ["startswith", "b", False, [False, False, False]],
+        ["endswith", "b", True, [False, True, False]],
+        ["endswith", "bc", None, [True, None, False]],
+        ["startswith", ("a", "e", "g"), None, [True, None, True]],
+        ["endswith", ("a", "c", "g"), None, [True, None, True]],
+        ["startswith", (), None, [False, None, False]],
+        ["endswith", (), None, [False, None, False]],
     ],
 )
 def test_str_start_ends_with(side, pat, na, exp):
-    ser = pd.Series(["abc", None], dtype=ArrowDtype(pa.string()))
+    ser = pd.Series(["abc", None, "efg"], dtype=ArrowDtype(pa.string()))
     result = getattr(ser.str, side)(pat, na=na)
     expected = pd.Series(exp, dtype=ArrowDtype(pa.bool_()))
     tm.assert_series_equal(result, expected)
 
 
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("side", ("startswith", "endswith"))
+def test_str_starts_ends_with_all_nulls_empty_tuple(side):
+    ser = pd.Series([None, None], dtype=ArrowDtype(pa.string()))
+    result = getattr(ser.str, side)(())
+
+    # bool datatype preserved for all nulls.
+    expected = pd.Series([None, None], dtype=ArrowDtype(pa.bool_()))
+    tm.assert_series_equal(result, expected)
+
+
 @pytest.mark.parametrize(
     "arg_name, arg",
     [["pat", re.compile("b")], ["repl", str], ["case", False], ["flags", 1]],