feat(idempotency): support for any synchronous function

[heitorlessa]

Issue #, if available: aws-powertools/powertools-lambda#32

Description of changes:

• Remove dependency on context
• Use data instead of event for params
• Make IdempotencyHandler generic for any function
• Update docstring that refers to Lambda event only
• New decorator that takes a data_argument
• Update docs with new UX for any function
• Preserve decorated function argument types w/ generic callable

UX

from aws_lambda_powertools.utilities.batch import sqs_batch_processor
from aws_lambda_powertools.utilities.idempotency import idempotent_function, DynamoDBPersistenceLayer, IdempotencyConfig


dynamodb = DynamoDBPersistenceLayer(table_name="idem")
config =  IdempotencyConfig(
    event_key_jmespath="messageId",
    use_local_cache=True,
)


@idempotent_function(data_keyword_argument="record", persistence_layer=dynamodb, config=config)
def record_handler(record):
    return do_something_with(record["body"])


@sqs_batch_processor(record_handler=record_handler)
def lambda_handler(event, context):
    return {"statusCode": 200}

Checklist

• Meet tenets criteria
• Update tests
• Update docs
• PR title follows conventional commit semantics

By submitting this pull request, I confirm that you can use, modify, copy, and redistribute this contribution, under the terms of your choice.

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

Merging #625 (5f27b2b) into develop (3fa6803) will increase coverage by 0.02%.
The diff coverage is 99.11%.

@@             Coverage Diff             @@
##           develop     #625      +/-   ##
===========================================
+ Coverage    99.95%   99.97%   +0.02%     
===========================================
  Files          114      116       +2     
  Lines         4594     4846     +252     
  Branches       253      265      +12     
===========================================
+ Hits          4592     4845     +253     
+ Partials         2        1       -1     

Impacted Files	Coverage Δ
...wertools/utilities/idempotency/persistence/base.py	99.36% <96.55%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️
aws_lambda_powertools/shared/constants.py	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
aws_lambda_powertools/shared/types.py	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
aws_lambda_powertools/tracing/tracer.py	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
...ambda_powertools/utilities/idempotency/__init__.py	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
...ws_lambda_powertools/utilities/idempotency/base.py	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
...da_powertools/utilities/idempotency/idempotency.py	100.00% <100.00%> (+1.47%)	⬆️
...lambda_powertools/utilities/data_classes/common.py	100.00% <0.00%> (ø)
...ols/utilities/data_classes/kinesis_stream_event.py	100.00% <0.00%> (ø)
.../utilities/data_classes/api_gateway_proxy_event.py	100.00% <0.00%> (ø)
... and 4 more

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[heitorlessa]

@michaelbrewer @cakepietoast could either of you have a look just in case? tks!

[michaelbrewer]

looking good.