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Name		Name	Last commit message	Last commit date
parent directory ..
images		images	Add __init__.py files in all the directories (TheAlgorithms#2503)	Sep 28, 2020
numerical_analysis		numerical_analysis	[pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate -- ruff 2025 stable format (The…	Jan 13, 2025
polynomials		polynomials	Fix ruff errors (TheAlgorithms#8936)	Aug 9, 2023
series		series	[pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (TheAlgorithms#11322)	Mar 13, 2024
special_numbers		special_numbers	Improve test coverage for armstrong numbers (TheAlgorithms#12327)	Dec 27, 2024
__init__.py		__init__.py	pyupgrade --py37-plus **/*.py (TheAlgorithms#1654)	Jan 3, 2020
abs.py		abs.py	Make some ruff fixes (TheAlgorithms#8154)	Mar 1, 2023
addition_without_arithmetic.py		addition_without_arithmetic.py	addition_without_arithmetic (TheAlgorithms#6830)	Oct 30, 2022
aliquot_sum.py		aliquot_sum.py	Optimization and fix bug (TheAlgorithms#2342)	Aug 21, 2020
allocation_number.py		allocation_number.py	[pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (TheAlgorithms#11322)	Mar 13, 2024
arc_length.py		arc_length.py	Update arc_length.py (TheAlgorithms#8964)	Aug 20, 2023
area.py		area.py	[pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (TheAlgorithms#11322)	Mar 13, 2024
area_under_curve.py		area_under_curve.py	[pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (TheAlgorithms#11322)	Mar 13, 2024
average_absolute_deviation.py		average_absolute_deviation.py	Added average absolute deviation (TheAlgorithms#5951)	Feb 13, 2022
average_mean.py		average_mean.py	Pyupgrade to Python 3.9 (TheAlgorithms#4718)	Sep 7, 2021
average_median.py		average_median.py	Fix minor typing errors in maths/ (TheAlgorithms#8959)	Aug 15, 2023
average_mode.py		average_mode.py	[mypy] Fix type annotations for maths directory (TheAlgorithms#5782)	Nov 7, 2021
bailey_borwein_plouffe.py		bailey_borwein_plouffe.py	Add flake8-builtins to pre-commit and fix errors (TheAlgorithms#7105)	Oct 13, 2022
base_neg2_conversion.py		base_neg2_conversion.py	convert to the base minus 2 of a number (TheAlgorithms#9748)	Oct 5, 2023
basic_maths.py		basic_maths.py	[pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (TheAlgorithms#11322)	Mar 13, 2024
binary_exponentiation.py		binary_exponentiation.py	Consolidate binary exponentiation files (TheAlgorithms#10742)	Oct 21, 2023
binary_multiplication.py		binary_multiplication.py	Changing Name of file and adding doctests in file. (TheAlgorithms#9513)	Oct 3, 2023
binomial_coefficient.py		binomial_coefficient.py	Tried new TESTS for the binomial_coefficient (TheAlgorithms#10822)	Oct 24, 2023
binomial_distribution.py		binomial_distribution.py	[pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (TheAlgorithms#11322)	Mar 13, 2024
ceil.py		ceil.py	Add typing to maths/ceil.py (TheAlgorithms#7057)	Oct 12, 2022
chebyshev_distance.py		chebyshev_distance.py	Added the Chebyshev distance function (TheAlgorithms#10144)	Oct 9, 2023
check_polygon.py		check_polygon.py	[mypy] check polygon and corrections (TheAlgorithms#5419)	Oct 21, 2021
chinese_remainder_theorem.py		chinese_remainder_theorem.py	[pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (TheAlgorithms#11322)	Mar 13, 2024
chudnovsky_algorithm.py		chudnovsky_algorithm.py	Enable ruff RUF002 rule (TheAlgorithms#11377)	Apr 22, 2024
collatz_sequence.py		collatz_sequence.py	[pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (TheAlgorithms#12398)	Nov 25, 2024
combinations.py		combinations.py	In place of calculating the factorial several times we can run a loop…	Oct 8, 2023
continued_fraction.py		continued_fraction.py	[pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (TheAlgorithms#11322)	Mar 13, 2024
decimal_isolate.py		decimal_isolate.py	pre-commit: Upgrade psf/black for stable style 2023 (TheAlgorithms#8110)	Feb 1, 2023
decimal_to_fraction.py		decimal_to_fraction.py	Fix ruff errors (TheAlgorithms#8936)	Aug 9, 2023
dodecahedron.py		dodecahedron.py	Dodecahedron surface area and volume (TheAlgorithms#6606)	Oct 31, 2022
double_factorial.py		double_factorial.py	merge double_factorial (TheAlgorithms#9431)	Oct 3, 2023
dual_number_automatic_differentiation.py		dual_number_automatic_differentiation.py	[pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate -- ruff 2025 stable format (The…	Jan 13, 2025
entropy.py		entropy.py	Enable ruff RUF002 rule (TheAlgorithms#11377)	Apr 22, 2024
euclidean_distance.py		euclidean_distance.py	Upgrade to Python 3.13 (TheAlgorithms#11588)	Sep 30, 2024
euler_method.py		euler_method.py	Upgrade to Python 3.13 (TheAlgorithms#11588)	Sep 30, 2024
euler_modified.py		euler_modified.py	Upgrade to Python 3.13 (TheAlgorithms#11588)	Sep 30, 2024
eulers_totient.py		eulers_totient.py	[pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (TheAlgorithms#9013)	Aug 29, 2023
extended_euclidean_algorithm.py		extended_euclidean_algorithm.py	Misc fixes across multiple algorithms (TheAlgorithms#6912)	Oct 16, 2022
factorial.py		factorial.py	seperation between description and docstrings (TheAlgorithms#9687)	Oct 10, 2023
factors.py		factors.py	Reduced Time Complexity to O(sqrt(n)) (TheAlgorithms#7429)	Oct 23, 2022
fast_inverse_sqrt.py		fast_inverse_sqrt.py	Added Fast Inverse Square Root (TheAlgorithms#11054)	Oct 29, 2023
fermat_little_theorem.py		fermat_little_theorem.py	Fermat_little_theorem type annotation (TheAlgorithms#9794)	Oct 5, 2023
fibonacci.py		fibonacci.py	feat: Implemented Matrix Exponentiation Method (TheAlgorithms#11747)	Oct 4, 2024
find_max.py		find_max.py	Fix ruff (TheAlgorithms#11527)	Aug 25, 2024
find_min.py		find_min.py	Consolidate find_min and find_min recursive and find_max and find_max…	Aug 14, 2023
floor.py		floor.py	Add typing to maths/floor.py (TheAlgorithms#7056)	Oct 12, 2022
gamma.py		gamma.py	[pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (TheAlgorithms#11322)	Mar 13, 2024
gaussian.py		gaussian.py	Upgrade to Python 3.13 (TheAlgorithms#11588)	Sep 30, 2024
gcd_of_n_numbers.py		gcd_of_n_numbers.py	gcd_of_n_numbers (TheAlgorithms#8057)	Jan 10, 2023
geometric_mean.py		geometric_mean.py	[ADDED] Implementation of Geometric Mean. (TheAlgorithms#10421)	Dec 31, 2024
germain_primes.py		germain_primes.py	Added Germain primes algorithm to the maths folder (TheAlgorithms#10120)	Oct 8, 2023
greatest_common_divisor.py		greatest_common_divisor.py	math/greatest_common_divisor: add support for negative numbers (TheAl…	Oct 29, 2020
hardy_ramanujanalgo.py		hardy_ramanujanalgo.py	hardy_ramanujanalgo type annotation (TheAlgorithms#9799)	Oct 5, 2023
integer_square_root.py		integer_square_root.py	Add Integer Square Root Algorithm (TheAlgorithms#10949)	Oct 29, 2023
interquartile_range.py		interquartile_range.py	[pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (TheAlgorithms#11322)	Mar 13, 2024
is_int_palindrome.py		is_int_palindrome.py	Rename is_palindrome.py to is_int_palindrome.py (TheAlgorithms#8768)	May 26, 2023
is_ip_v4_address_valid.py		is_ip_v4_address_valid.py	fix is_ip_v4_address_valid.py (TheAlgorithms#12394)	Dec 30, 2024
is_square_free.py		is_square_free.py	[pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (TheAlgorithms#11322)	Mar 13, 2024
jaccard_similarity.py		jaccard_similarity.py	Fix minor typing errors in maths/ (TheAlgorithms#8959)	Aug 15, 2023
joint_probability_distribution.py		joint_probability_distribution.py	[ADD] : maths joint probabilty distribution (TheAlgorithms#10508)	Oct 15, 2023
josephus_problem.py		josephus_problem.py	Add Josephus Problem (TheAlgorithms#10928)	Oct 29, 2023
juggler_sequence.py		juggler_sequence.py	Add more ruff rules (TheAlgorithms#8767)	May 26, 2023
karatsuba.py		karatsuba.py	[pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (TheAlgorithms#11322)	Mar 13, 2024
kth_lexicographic_permutation.py		kth_lexicographic_permutation.py	Add pep8-naming to pre-commit hooks and fixes incorrect naming conven…	Oct 12, 2022
largest_of_very_large_numbers.py		largest_of_very_large_numbers.py	Enable ruff PLR5501 rule (TheAlgorithms#11332)	Mar 28, 2024
least_common_multiple.py		least_common_multiple.py	Ruff pandas vet (TheAlgorithms#10281)	Oct 11, 2023
line_length.py		line_length.py	Fix ruff errors (TheAlgorithms#8936)	Aug 9, 2023
liouville_lambda.py		liouville_lambda.py	Add more ruff rules (TheAlgorithms#8767)	May 26, 2023
lucas_lehmer_primality_test.py		lucas_lehmer_primality_test.py	Enable ruff RUF002 rule (TheAlgorithms#11377)	Apr 22, 2024
lucas_series.py		lucas_series.py	Add flake8 pluin flake8 bugbear to pre-commit (TheAlgorithms#7132)	Oct 13, 2022
maclaurin_series.py		maclaurin_series.py	[pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (TheAlgorithms#11322)	Mar 13, 2024
manhattan_distance.py		manhattan_distance.py	Add more ruff rules (TheAlgorithms#8767)	May 26, 2023
matrix_exponentiation.py		matrix_exponentiation.py	Improve test coverage for matrix exponentiation (TheAlgorithms#12388)	Dec 27, 2024
max_sum_sliding_window.py		max_sum_sliding_window.py	[pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate -- ruff 2025 stable format (The…	Jan 13, 2025
minkowski_distance.py		minkowski_distance.py	Upgrade to Python 3.13 (TheAlgorithms#11588)	Sep 30, 2024
mobius_function.py		mobius_function.py	Replace flake8 with ruff (TheAlgorithms#8184)	Mar 16, 2023
modular_division.py		modular_division.py	Enable ruff RUF002 rule (TheAlgorithms#11377)	Apr 22, 2024
modular_exponential.py		modular_exponential.py	[pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (TheAlgorithms#11322)	Mar 13, 2024
monte_carlo.py		monte_carlo.py	[pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (TheAlgorithms#11322)	Mar 13, 2024
monte_carlo_dice.py		monte_carlo_dice.py	Raise error not string (TheAlgorithms#7945)	Nov 6, 2022
number_of_digits.py		number_of_digits.py	TypeError for non-integer input (TheAlgorithms#9250)	Oct 10, 2023
odd_sieve.py		odd_sieve.py	Enable ruff RUF005 rule (TheAlgorithms#11344)	Apr 2, 2024
perfect_cube.py		perfect_cube.py	Add perfect cube binary search (TheAlgorithms#10477)	Oct 23, 2023
perfect_number.py		perfect_number.py	Add additional doctests, fix grammatical errors for maths/perfect_num…	Dec 28, 2024
perfect_square.py		perfect_square.py	The black formatter is no longer beta (TheAlgorithms#5960)	Jan 30, 2022
persistence.py		persistence.py	[pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (TheAlgorithms#9013)	Aug 29, 2023
pi_generator.py		pi_generator.py	Enable ruff E741 rule (TheAlgorithms#11370)	Apr 19, 2024
pi_monte_carlo_estimation.py		pi_monte_carlo_estimation.py	Add flake8 pluin flake8 bugbear to pre-commit (TheAlgorithms#7132)	Oct 13, 2022
points_are_collinear_3d.py		points_are_collinear_3d.py	chore: fix typos (TheAlgorithms#11467)	Jun 17, 2024
pollard_rho.py		pollard_rho.py	Enable ruff PLR5501 rule (TheAlgorithms#11332)	Mar 28, 2024
polynomial_evaluation.py		polynomial_evaluation.py	Remove useless code in doctests (TheAlgorithms#7733)	Oct 27, 2022
power_using_recursion.py		power_using_recursion.py	Added doctest to /maths/power_using_recursion.py (TheAlgorithms#11994)	Dec 30, 2024
prime_check.py		prime_check.py	[pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate -- ruff 2025 stable format (The…	Jan 13, 2025
prime_factors.py		prime_factors.py	[pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (TheAlgorithms#11322)	Mar 13, 2024
prime_numbers.py		prime_numbers.py	[pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (TheAlgorithms#12398)	Nov 25, 2024
prime_sieve_eratosthenes.py		prime_sieve_eratosthenes.py	Change prime_sieve_eratosthenes.py to return list (TheAlgorithms#8062)	Jan 2, 2023
primelib.py		primelib.py	[pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate -- ruff 2025 stable format (The…	Jan 13, 2025
print_multiplication_table.py		print_multiplication_table.py	Add print_multiplication_table.py (TheAlgorithms#6607)	Oct 30, 2022
pythagoras.py		pythagoras.py	Replace bandit, flake8, isort, and pyupgrade with ruff (TheAlgorithms…	Mar 15, 2023
qr_decomposition.py		qr_decomposition.py	Fix minor typing errors in maths/ (TheAlgorithms#8959)	Aug 15, 2023
quadratic_equations_complex_numbers.py		quadratic_equations_complex_numbers.py	Change occurrences of str.format to f-strings (TheAlgorithms#4118)	Feb 23, 2021
radians.py		radians.py	[pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (TheAlgorithms#9543)	Oct 7, 2023
radix2_fft.py		radix2_fft.py	[pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (TheAlgorithms#11473)	Jul 2, 2024
remove_digit.py		remove_digit.py	adding the remove digit algorithm (TheAlgorithms#6708)	May 10, 2023
segmented_sieve.py		segmented_sieve.py	Segmented sieve - doctests (TheAlgorithms#9945)	Oct 7, 2023
sieve_of_eratosthenes.py		sieve_of_eratosthenes.py	[pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (TheAlgorithms#11322)	Mar 13, 2024
sigmoid.py		sigmoid.py	Fix minor typing errors in maths/ (TheAlgorithms#8959)	Aug 15, 2023
signum.py		signum.py	Added New Tests in Signum (TheAlgorithms#10724)	Oct 20, 2023
simultaneous_linear_equation_solver.py		simultaneous_linear_equation_solver.py	Enable ruff RUF002 rule (TheAlgorithms#11377)	Apr 22, 2024
sin.py		sin.py	Add sin function to maths (TheAlgorithms#5949)	May 16, 2022
sock_merchant.py		sock_merchant.py	sock_merchant.py: Matching socks by color (TheAlgorithms#5761)	Nov 3, 2021
softmax.py		softmax.py	Upgrade to Python 3.13 (TheAlgorithms#11588)	Sep 30, 2024
solovay_strassen_primality_test.py		solovay_strassen_primality_test.py	[pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (TheAlgorithms#11322)	Mar 13, 2024
spearman_rank_correlation_coefficient.py		spearman_rank_correlation_coefficient.py	Create Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (TheAlgorithms#11155)	Nov 25, 2023
sum_of_arithmetic_series.py		sum_of_arithmetic_series.py	Add flake8-builtins to pre-commit and fix errors (TheAlgorithms#7105)	Oct 13, 2022
sum_of_digits.py		sum_of_digits.py	maths/sum_of_digits.py: Streamline benchmarks (TheAlgorithms#7914)	Nov 1, 2022
sum_of_geometric_progression.py		sum_of_geometric_progression.py	The black formatter is no longer beta (TheAlgorithms#5960)	Jan 30, 2022
sum_of_harmonic_series.py		sum_of_harmonic_series.py	Created sum_of_harmonic_series.py (TheAlgorithms#7504)	Oct 23, 2022
sumset.py		sumset.py	added sumset.py Fixes: #{6563} (TheAlgorithms#6742)	Oct 30, 2022
sylvester_sequence.py		sylvester_sequence.py	Add more ruff rules (TheAlgorithms#8767)	May 26, 2023
tanh.py		tanh.py	[pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (TheAlgorithms#11322)	Mar 13, 2024
test_prime_check.py		test_prime_check.py	Change to https. (TheAlgorithms#7277)	Oct 16, 2022
three_sum.py		three_sum.py	add Three sum (TheAlgorithms#9177)	Oct 1, 2023
trapezoidal_rule.py		trapezoidal_rule.py	chore: improve comments and add tests to trapezoidal rule (TheAlgorit…	Dec 31, 2024
triplet_sum.py		triplet_sum.py	[pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (TheAlgorithms#11322)	Mar 13, 2024
twin_prime.py		twin_prime.py	Add more ruff rules (TheAlgorithms#8767)	May 26, 2023
two_pointer.py		two_pointer.py	[pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (TheAlgorithms#11322)	Mar 13, 2024
two_sum.py		two_sum.py	[pre-commit.ci] pre-commit autoupdate (TheAlgorithms#11322)	Mar 13, 2024
volume.py		volume.py	Fix sphinx/build_docs warnings for maths/volume (TheAlgorithms#12464)	Dec 24, 2024
zellers_congruence.py		zellers_congruence.py	Fix sphinx/build_docs warnings for maths/zellers_congruence (TheAlgor…	Dec 29, 2024
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