Opta User Manual updated

Author: mcmchris

content/hardware/07.opta/opta-family/opta/tutorials/01.user-manual/content.md

@@ -201,11 +201,11 @@ Opta's maximum power consumption at +12 VDC is 2 W, and at +24 VDC is 2.2 W.
 
 ### Programmable Inputs
 
-The image below shows Opta™ devices have **eight analog/digital programmable inputs** accessible through terminals `I1`, `I2`, `I3`, `I4`, `I5`, `I6`, `I7`, and `I8`. 
+The image below shows Opta™ devices have **eight digital/analog programmable inputs** accessible through terminals `I1`, `I2`, `I3`, `I4`, `I5`, `I6`, `I7`, and `I8`. 
 
 ![Programmable input terminals in Opta™ devices](assets/user-manual-9-2.png)
 
-Analog/digital input terminals are mapped as described in the following table:
+Digital/analog input terminals are mapped as described in the following table:
 
 | **Opta™ Terminal** | **Arduino Pin Mapping** |
 |:------------------:|:-----------------------:|
@@ -218,35 +218,32 @@ Analog/digital input terminals are mapped as described in the following table:
 |        `I7`        |      `A6`/`PIN_A6`      |
 |        `I8`        |      `A7`/`PIN_A7`      |
 
-#### Analog Inputs
+#### Digital Inputs
 <br></br>
 
-The input voltage range for each analog input terminal is the following:
+The input voltage range for each digital input terminal is the following:
 
-- **Input voltage range**: 0 to +10 VDC
+- **Input voltage range**: 0 to +24 VDC
 
-The analog input terminals can be used through the built-in functions of the [Arduino programming language](https://www.arduino.cc/reference/en/). To use the input terminals as analog inputs:
+***The Opta™ digital inputs also support the 0 to +10 VDC logic level.***
 
-- Add the `analogReadResolution()` instruction in your sketch's `setup()` function.
+The input terminals can be used through the built-in functions of the [Arduino programming language](https://www.arduino.cc/reference/en/). To use the input terminals as digital inputs:
 
-The sketch below shows how to monitor analog voltages on Opta's input terminals `I1`, `I2`, and `I3`. It initializes a serial connection, takes readings from each defined terminal, converts those readings into voltage based on a 12-bit resolution, and outputs these voltage values through the Arduino IDE's Serial Monitor. The readings are looped every second, allowing you to monitor changes real-time changes.
+- Add the `pinMode(pinName, INPUT)` instruction in your sketch's `setup()` function.
+
+The sketch below shows how to monitor digital states on Opta's input terminals `I1`, `I2`, and `I3`. It initializes a serial connection, takes readings from each defined terminal, and interprets them as either `HIGH` or `LOW` digital states. These states are then output through the Arduino IDE's Serial Monitor. The state readings are looped every second, allowing you to monitor real-time changes.
 
 ```arduino
 /**
-  Opta's Analog Input Terminals
-  Name: opta_analog_inputs_example.ino
-  Purpose: This sketch demonstrates the use of I1, I2, and I3 input 
-  terminals as analog inputs on Opta.
+  Opta's Digital Input Terminals
+  Name: opta_digital_inputs_example.ino
+  Purpose: This sketch demonstrates the use of I1, I2, and I3 input
+  terminals as digital inputs on Opta.
 
   @author Arduino PRO Content Team
-  @version 2.0 22/07/23
+  @version 2.0 23/07/23
 */
 
-// Define constants for voltage, resolution, and divider.
-const float VOLTAGE_MAX   = 3.3;      // Maximum voltage that can be read
-const float RESOLUTION    = 4095.0;   // 12-bit resolution
-const float DIVIDER       = 0.3034;      // Voltage divider
-
 // Array of terminals.
 const int TERMINALS[] = {A0, A1, A2};
 
@@ -257,13 +254,14 @@ void setup() {
   // Initialize serial communication at 9600 bits per second.
   Serial.begin(9600);
 
-  // Enable analog inputs on Opta
-  // Set the resolution of the ADC to 12 bits.
-  analogReadResolution(12);
+  // Set the mode of the pins as digital inputs.
+  for (int i = 0; i < NUM_PINS; i++) {
+    pinMode(TERMINALS[i], INPUT);
+  }
 }
 
 void loop() {
-  // Loop through each of the terminal, read the terminal analog value, convert it to voltage, and print the result.
+  // Loop through each of the terminal, read the terminal digital value, and print the result.
   for (int i = 0; i < NUM_PINS; i++) {
     readAndPrint(TERMINALS[i], i + 1);
   }
@@ -272,49 +270,48 @@ void loop() {
   delay(1000);
 }
 
-// This function reads the value from the specified pin, converts it to voltage, and prints the result.
+// This function reads the digital value from the specified pin and prints the result.
 void readAndPrint(int terminal, int terminalNumber) {
-  // Read the input value from the analog pin.
-  int terminalValue = analogRead(terminal);
-
-  // Convert the terminal value to its corresponding voltage. 
-  float voltage = terminalValue * (VOLTAGE_MAX / RESOLUTION) / DIVIDER;
-
-  // Print the terminal value and its corresponding voltage.
+  // Read the input value from the digital pin.
+  int terminalValue = digitalRead(terminal);
+  
+  // Print the terminal value.
   Serial.print("I");
   Serial.print(terminalNumber);
   Serial.print(" value: ");
-  Serial.print(terminalValue);
-  Serial.print(" corresponding to ");
-  Serial.print(voltage, 5);
-  Serial.println(" VDC");
+  Serial.println(terminalValue);
 }
 ```
 
-#### Digital Inputs
+#### Analog Inputs
 <br></br>
 
-The input voltage range for each digital input terminal is the following:
+The input voltage range for each analog input terminal is the following:
 
-- **Input voltage range**: 0 to +24 VDC
+- **Input voltage range**: 0 to +10 VDC
 
-The input terminals can be used through the built-in functions of the [Arduino programming language](https://www.arduino.cc/reference/en/). To use the input terminals as digital inputs:
+The analog input terminals can be used through the built-in functions of the [Arduino programming language](https://www.arduino.cc/reference/en/). To use the input terminals as analog inputs:
 
-- Add the `pinMode(pinName, INPUT)` instruction in your sketch's `setup()` function.
+- Add the `analogReadResolution()` instruction in your sketch's `setup()` function.
 
-The sketch below shows how to monitor digital states on Opta's input terminals `I1`, `I2`, and `I3`. It initializes a serial connection, takes readings from each defined terminal, and interprets them as either `HIGH` or `LOW` digital states. These states are then output through the Arduino IDE's Serial Monitor. The state readings are looped every second, allowing you to monitor real-time changes.
+The sketch below shows how to monitor analog voltages on Opta's input terminals `I1`, `I2`, and `I3`. It initializes a serial connection, takes readings from each defined terminal, converts those readings into voltage based on a 12-bit resolution, and outputs these voltage values through the Arduino IDE's Serial Monitor. The readings are looped every second, allowing you to monitor changes real-time changes.
 
 ```arduino
 /**
-  Opta's Digital Input Terminals
-  Name: opta_digital_inputs_example.ino
-  Purpose: This sketch demonstrates the use of I1, I2, and I3 input
-  terminals as digital inputs on Opta.
+  Opta's Analog Input Terminals
+  Name: opta_analog_inputs_example.ino
+  Purpose: This sketch demonstrates the use of I1, I2, and I3 input 
+  terminals as analog inputs on Opta.
 
   @author Arduino PRO Content Team
-  @version 2.0 23/07/23
+  @version 2.0 22/07/23
 */
 
+// Define constants for voltage, resolution, and divider.
+const float VOLTAGE_MAX   = 3.3;      // Maximum voltage that can be read
+const float RESOLUTION    = 4095.0;   // 12-bit resolution
+const float DIVIDER       = 0.3034;      // Voltage divider
+
 // Array of terminals.
 const int TERMINALS[] = {A0, A1, A2};
 
@@ -325,14 +322,13 @@ void setup() {
   // Initialize serial communication at 9600 bits per second.
   Serial.begin(9600);
 
-  // Set the mode of the pins as digital inputs.
-  for (int i = 0; i < NUM_PINS; i++) {
-    pinMode(TERMINALS[i], INPUT);
-  }
+  // Enable analog inputs on Opta
+  // Set the resolution of the ADC to 12 bits.
+  analogReadResolution(12);
 }
 
 void loop() {
-  // Loop through each of the terminal, read the terminal digital value, and print the result.
+  // Loop through each of the terminal, read the terminal analog value, convert it to voltage, and print the result.
   for (int i = 0; i < NUM_PINS; i++) {
     readAndPrint(TERMINALS[i], i + 1);
   }
@@ -341,16 +337,22 @@ void loop() {
   delay(1000);
 }
 
-// This function reads the digital value from the specified pin and prints the result.
+// This function reads the value from the specified pin, converts it to voltage, and prints the result.
 void readAndPrint(int terminal, int terminalNumber) {
-  // Read the input value from the digital pin.
-  int terminalValue = digitalRead(terminal);
-  
-  // Print the terminal value.
+  // Read the input value from the analog pin.
+  int terminalValue = analogRead(terminal);
+
+  // Convert the terminal value to its corresponding voltage. 
+  float voltage = terminalValue * (VOLTAGE_MAX / RESOLUTION) / DIVIDER;
+
+  // Print the terminal value and its corresponding voltage.
   Serial.print("I");
   Serial.print(terminalNumber);
   Serial.print(" value: ");
-  Serial.println(terminalValue);
+  Serial.print(terminalValue);
+  Serial.print(" corresponding to ");
+  Serial.print(voltage, 5);
+  Serial.println(" VDC");
 }
 ```
 
@@ -1775,7 +1777,7 @@ Finally, your Opta™ expansion will be updated with the latest firmware version
 
 The Opta™ Expansions have **16 analog/digital programmable inputs** accessible through terminals `I1` to `I16`.
 
-Both Ext D1608E and Ext D1608S variant inputs can be used as **digital** with a 0-24 VDC range or as **analog** inputs with a 0-24 VDC range. The inputs are capable of operating with 0-10V analog sensors as well as 0-24V sensors. 
+Both Ext D1608E and Ext D1608S variant inputs can be used as **digital** with a 0-24 VDC or 0-10 VDC range or as **analog** inputs with a 0-24 VDC range. The analog inputs are capable of operating with 0-10 VDC analog sensors as well as 0-24 VDC sensors. 
 
 ***The inputs are marked on plastic as DGT/0-10 V to maintain uniformity with the main Opta module and as conventionally the majority of industrial analog sensors work in the 0-10 V range.***
 
@@ -1795,11 +1797,11 @@ Both Ext D1608E and Ext D1608S variant inputs can be used as **digital** with a
         </tr>
         <tr>
             <td style="vertical-align: top;">Inputs overvoltage protection</td>
-            <td>yes (up to 40 V)</td>
+            <td>Yes (up to 40 V)</td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
             <td style="vertical-align: top;">Reverse protection</td>
-            <td>no</td>
+            <td>No</td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
             <td style="vertical-align: top;">Input impedance</td>
@@ -1841,15 +1843,15 @@ Analog/digital input terminals are mapped as described in the following table:
     <tbody>
         <tr>
             <td style="vertical-align: top;">Digital Input voltage</td>
-            <td>0...24V</td>
+            <td>0...24 V</td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
             <td style="vertical-align: top;">Digital Input voltage logic level</td>
             <td>VIL Max: 4 VDC. VHL Min: 5.9 VDC</td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
             <td style="vertical-align: top;">Digital Input current</td>
-            <td>4.12mA at 24V | 2.05mA at 10V</td>
+            <td>4.12mA at 24 V | 2.05mA at 10 V</td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
             <td style="vertical-align: top;">Digital Input frequency</td>
@@ -2020,7 +2022,7 @@ LL LL LL LL LL HH LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL
 
 ![Digital Input wiring example](assets/limit-switch.gif)
 
-***General note: The library supports the OptaController.getExpansionNum(). This function always returns the number of expansions discovered during the last discovery / assign I2C address process. Since the discovery process is NOT performed if an expansion is removed or powered down, the value returned by this function DOES NOT change in case of the removal of one Expansion. To know if an expansion is missing, register a callback using setFailedCommCb(cb) (available on all the Expansion classes). The callback will be called any time an I2C expected answer is not received by the controller, allowing the user to know that expansion is missing. No "heartbeat" function is provided to understand if an expansion is missing since having an expansion and not regularly communicating with it is not a behavior meant by design.***
+***The library supports the OptaController.getExpansionNum(). This function always returns the number of expansions discovered during the last discovery / assign I2C address process. Since the discovery process is NOT performed if an expansion is removed or powered down, the value returned by this function DOES NOT change in case of the removal of one Expansion. To know if an expansion is missing, register a callback using setFailedCommCb(cb) (available on all the Expansion classes). The callback will be called any time an I2C expected answer is not received by the controller, allowing the user to know that expansion is missing. No "heartbeat" function is provided to understand if an expansion is missing since having an expansion and not regularly communicating with it is not a behavior meant by design.***
 
 #### Analog 
 
@@ -2034,7 +2036,7 @@ LL LL LL LL LL HH LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL LL
     <tbody>
         <tr>
             <td style="vertical-align: top;">Analog Input voltage</td>
-            <td>0...24V </td>
+            <td>0...24 V </td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
             <td style="vertical-align: top;">Analog Input resolution</td>
@@ -2226,15 +2228,15 @@ The **Ext D1608E (EMR)** variant features 8 electromechanical relays with the fo
         </tr>
         <tr>
             <td style="vertical-align: top;">Max current per relay</td>
-            <td>6A</td>
+            <td>6 A</td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
             <td style="vertical-align: top;">Max peak current per relay</td>
-            <td>10A</td>
+            <td>10 A</td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
             <td style="vertical-align: top;">Continuous current per terminal</td>
-            <td>6A</td>
+            <td>6 A</td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
             <td style="vertical-align: top;">Short-circuit protection</td>
@@ -2257,12 +2259,12 @@ The **Ext D1608E (EMR)** variant features 8 electromechanical relays with the fo
             <td>300 VA</td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
-            <td style="vertical-align: top;">Breaking capacity DC1: 24/110/220V</td>
-            <td>6/0.2/0.12A</td>
+            <td style="vertical-align: top;">Breaking capacity DC1: 24/110/220 V</td>
+            <td>6/0.2/0.12 A</td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
             <td style="vertical-align: top;">Minimum switching load</td>
-            <td>500mW (12V/10mA)</td>
+            <td>500 mW (12 V/10 mA)</td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
             <td style="vertical-align: top;">Max output line length (unshielded)</td>