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Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: content/hardware/02.hero/boards/uno-r4-wifi/tutorials/opamp/opamp.md
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-[Arduino UNO R4 WiFi](https://store.arduino.cc/uno-r4-wifi)
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- resistors
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-Jumper wires
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-jumper wires
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## Operational Amplifier (OPAMP)
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***The amplified output signal should not go above ~4.7 V, otherwise clipping will appear and you can damage the board***
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Below is a capture of an oscilloscope in which an approx. 2 V square wave (green, channel 2) is amplified to a 4 V square wave (yellow, channel 1) with the circuit shown below. The input signal was generated by a function generation (and shared GND was connected).
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Below is a capture of an oscilloscope in which an approx. 2 V square wave (green, channel 2) is amplified to a 4 V square wave (yellow, channel 1) with the circuit shown below. The input signal was generated by a function generator (and shared GND was connected).
But let's say you want to amplify the voltage signal 4x instead of 2x. The amplification of an OPAMP mainly depends on the chosen resistor values. Take a look at the formula below:
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**Av** = Amplified Voltage (V)
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**Av** = Amplified voltage (V)
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**R1** = Resistor connected to Ground (Ω)
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**R1** = Resistor connected to GND (Ω)
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**R2** = Feedback resistor (Ω)
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We know we want to amplify the voltage times four so:
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**Av** = 4 V
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Now, we need to figure out what resistors to choose. Because we only can solve for one unknown value we choose a predefined value for one of the resistors, e.g. 10k Ω for R1.
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Now, we need to figure out what resistors to choose. Because we can only solve for one unknown value, we choose a predefined value for one of the resistors, e.g. 10k Ω for R1.
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**R1** = 10k Ω
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Your formula should now look like this:
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That leaves R2 as the only unknown variable. Now, Subtract one from both sides and multiply by ten, which leaves us with:
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That leaves R2 as the only unknown variable. Now, subtract one from both sides. Next, multiply both sides by ten thousand (10k), which leaves us with:
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**R2 = 30k Ω**
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## Code
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To start up the opamp, simply include the library and call `OPAMP.begin(speed)`. As the optional `speed` argument to this function, can choose either `OPAMP_SPEED_LOWSPEED` as the low-speed (lower power) mode or `OPAMP_SPEED_HIGHSPEED` as the high-speed, high-power mode.
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To start up the opamp, simply include the library and call `OPAMP.begin(speed)`. As the optional `speed` argument to this function can choose either `OPAMP_SPEED_LOWSPEED` as the low-speed (lower power) mode or `OPAMP_SPEED_HIGHSPEED` as the high-speed, high-power mode.
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