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public/docs/ts/latest/glossary.jade

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:marked
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You can compile Angular applications at build-time.
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By compiling your application using the compiler-cli, `ngc`, you can bootstrap directly
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to a Module Factory, meaning you don't need to include the Angular compiler in your Javascript bundle.
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Ahead of Time compiled applications also benefit from decreased load time and increased performance.
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to a module factory, meaning you don't need to include the Angular compiler in your JavaScript bundle.
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Ahead of time compiled applications also benefit from decreased load time and increased performance.
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:marked
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## Angular Module
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.l-sub-section
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:marked
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Helps you organize an application into cohesive blocks of functionality.
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An Angular module identifies the components, directives, and pipes that the application uses along with the list of external Angular modules that the application needs, such as `FormsModule`.
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An Angular module identifies the components, directives, and pipes that the application uses along with the list of external Angular modules that the application needs, such as `FormsModule`.
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Every Angular application has an application root module class. By convention, the class is
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called `AppModule` and resides in a file named `app.component.ts`.
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## Attribute Directive
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.l-sub-section
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:marked
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A category of [Directive](#directive) that can listen to and modify the behavior of
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A category of [directive](#directive) that can listen to and modify the behavior of
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other HTML elements, attributes, properties, and components. They are usually represented
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as HTML attributes, hence the name.
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A good example of an Attribute Directive is the `ngClass` directive for adding and removing CSS class names.
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A good example of an attribute directive is the `ngClass` directive for adding and removing CSS class names.
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.l-main-section#B
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export * from './hero.service.ts'; // re-export all of its exports
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export { HeroComponent } from './hero.component.ts'; // re-export the named thing
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:marked
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Now a consumer can import what they need from the barrel.
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Now a consumer can import what it needs from the barrel.
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code-example.
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import { Hero, HeroService } from '../heroes'; // index is implied
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:marked
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Almost always refers to [Data Binding](#data-binding) and the act of
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binding an HTML object property to a data object property.
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May refer to a [Dependency Injection](#dependency-injection) binding
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May refer to a [dependency injection](#dependency-injection) binding
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between a "token", also referred to as a "key", and a dependency [provider](#provider).
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This more rare usage should be clear in context.
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.l-sub-section
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block bootstrap-defn-top
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:marked
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You launch an Angular application by "bootstrapping" it using the application root Angular module (`AppModule`).
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Bootstrapping identifies an application's top level "root" [Component](#component), which is the first
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component that is loaded for the application. For more information, see [QuickStart](!{docsLatest}/quickstart.html).
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You launch an Angular application by "bootstrapping" it using the application root Angular module (`AppModule`). Bootstrapping identifies an application's top level "root" [component](#component), which is the first component that is loaded for the application. For more information, see [QuickStart](!{docsLatest}/quickstart.html).
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:marked
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You can bootstrap multiple apps in the same `index.html`, each with its own top level root.
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.l-sub-section
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:marked
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The practice of writing compound words or phrases such that each word or abbreviation begins with a capital letter
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_except the first letter which is lowercase_.
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_except the first letter, which is lowercase_.
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Function, property, and method names are typically spelled in camelCase. Examples include: `square`, `firstName` and `getHeroes`. Notice that `square` is an example of how you write a single word in camelCase.
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## Component
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:marked
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An Angular class responsible for exposing data
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to a [View](#view) and handling most of the view’s display
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and user-interaction logic.
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An Angular class responsible for exposing data to a [View](#view) and handling most of the view’s display and user-interaction logic.
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The *Component* is one of the most important building blocks in the Angular system.
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It is, in fact, an Angular [Directive](#directive) with a companion [Template](#template).
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The *component* is one of the most important building blocks in the Angular system.
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It is, in fact, an Angular [directive](#directive) with a companion [template](#template).
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You apply the `!{_at}Component` !{_decoratorLink} to
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the component class, thereby attaching to the class the essential component metadata
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that Angular needs to create a component instance and render it with its template
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as a view.
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Those familiar with "MVC" and "MVVM" patterns will recognize
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the Component in the role of "Controller" or "View Model".
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the component in the role of "controller" or "view model".
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.l-main-section#D
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Angular has a rich data binding framework with a variety of data binding
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operations and supporting declaration syntax.
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The many forms of binding include:
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Read about the forms of binding in the [Template Syntax](!{docsLatest}/guide/template-syntax.html#data-binding) page:
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* [Interpolation](!{docsLatest}/guide/template-syntax.html#interpolation).
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* [Property Binding](!{docsLatest}/guide/template-syntax.html#property-binding).
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* [Event Binding](!{docsLatest}/guide/template-syntax.html#event-binding).
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* [Attribute Binding](!{docsLatest}/guide/template-syntax.html#attribute-binding).
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* [Class Binding](!{docsLatest}/guide/template-syntax.html#class-binding).
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* [Style Binding](!{docsLatest}/guide/template-syntax.html#style-binding).
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* [Two-way data binding with ngModel](!{docsLatest}/guide/template-syntax.html#ng-model).
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* [Property binding](!{docsLatest}/guide/template-syntax.html#property-binding).
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* [Event binding](!{docsLatest}/guide/template-syntax.html#event-binding).
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* [Attribute binding](!{docsLatest}/guide/template-syntax.html#attribute-binding).
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* [Class binding](!{docsLatest}/guide/template-syntax.html#class-binding).
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* [Style binding](!{docsLatest}/guide/template-syntax.html#style-binding).
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* [Two-way data binding with ngModel](!{docsLatest}/guide/template-syntax.html#ngModel).
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Read more about data binding in the
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[Template Syntax](!{docsLatest}/guide/template-syntax.html#data-binding) chapter.
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+ifDocsFor('ts|dart')
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a#decorator
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.l-sub-section
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block decorator-defn
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:marked
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A Decorator is a **function** that adds metadata to a class, its members (properties, methods) and function arguments.
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A decorator is a **function** that adds metadata to a class, its members (properties, methods) and function arguments.
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Decorators are a JavaScript language [feature](https://github.com/wycats/javascript-decorators), implemented in TypeScript and proposed for ES2016 (AKA ES7).
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To apply a decorator, position it immediately above or to the left of the thing it decorates.
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Angular has its own set of decorators to help it interoperate with your application parts.
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Here is an example of a `@Component` decorator that identifies a
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class as an Angular [Component](#component) and an `@Input` decorator applied to the `name` property
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class as an Angular [component](#component) and an `@Input` decorator applied to the `name` property
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of that component. The elided object argument to the `@Component` decorator would contain the pertinent component metadata.
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```
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@Component({...})
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part "A" relies on another part "B", you say that "A" depends on "B" and
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that "B" is a dependency of "A".
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You can ask a "Dependency Injection System" to create "A"
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You can ask a "dependency injection system" to create "A"
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for us and handle all the dependencies.
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If "A" needs "B" and "B" needs "C", the system resolves that chain of dependencies
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and returns a fully prepared instance of "A".
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Angular provides and relies upon its own sophisticated
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[Dependency Injection](dependency-injection.html) system
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[dependency injection](dependency-injection.html) system
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to assemble and run applications by "injecting" application parts
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into other application parts where and when needed.
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At the core there is an [`Injector`](#injector) that returns dependency values on request.
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At the core there is an [`injector`](#injector) that returns dependency values on request.
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The expression `injector.get(token)` returns the value associated with the given token.
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A token is an Angular type (`OpaqueToken`). You rarely deal with tokens directly; most
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methods accept a class name (`Foo`) or a string ("foo") and Angular converts it
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to a token. When you write `injector.get(Foo)`, the injector returns
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the value associated with the token for the `Foo` class, typically an instance of `Foo` itself.
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During many of its operations, Angular makes similar requests internally, such as when it creates a [`Component`](#component) for display.
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During many of its operations, Angular makes similar requests internally, such as when it creates a [`component`](#component) for display.
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The `Injector` maintains an internal map of tokens to dependency values.
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If the `Injector` can't find a value for a given token, it creates
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a new value using a `Provider` for that token.
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A [Provider](#provider) is a recipe for
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A [provider](#provider) is a recipe for
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creating new instances of a dependency value associated with a particular token.
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An injector can only create a value for a given token if it has
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a `Provider` for that token in its internal provider registry.
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a `provider` for that token in its internal provider registry.
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Registering providers is a critical preparatory step.
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Angular registers some of its own providers with every injector.
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We can register our own providers.
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Learn more in the [Dependency Injection](!{docsLatest}/guide/dependency-injection.html) page.
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Read more in the [Dependency Injection](!{docsLatest}/guide/dependency-injection.html) page.
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:marked
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## Directive
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They are the building blocks of an Angular application and the
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developer can expect to write a lot of them.
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1. [Attribute Directives](#attribute-directive) that can listen to and modify the behavior of
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1. [Attribute directives](#attribute-directive) that can listen to and modify the behavior of
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other HTML elements, attributes, properties, and components. They are usually represented
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as HTML attributes, hence the name.
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1. [Structural Directives](#structural-directive), a directive responsible for
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1. [Structural directives](#structural-directive), a directive responsible for
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shaping or reshaping HTML layout, typically by adding, removing, or manipulating
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elements and their children.
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[ECMAScript 2016](http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/7.0/)
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(AKA "ES2016" or "ES7") and many Angular 2 developers write their applications
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either in this version of the language or a dialect that strives to be
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compatible with it, such as [TypeScript](#typesScript).
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compatible with it, such as [TypeScript](#typescript).
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Most modern browsers today only support the much older "ECMAScript 5" (AKA ES5) standard.
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Applications written in ES2016, ES2015 or one of their dialects must be "[transpiled](#transpile)"
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A directive property that can be the ***target*** of a
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[Property Binding](!{docsLatest}/guide/template-syntax.html#property-binding).
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[property binding](!{docsLatest}/guide/template-syntax.html#property-binding) (explained in detail in the [Template Syntax](!{docsLatest}/guide/template-syntax.html) page).
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Data values flow *into* this property from the data source identified
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in the template expression to the right of the equal sign.
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See the [Template Syntax](!{docsLatest}/guide/template-syntax.html#inputs-outputs) page.
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See the [Input and output properties](!{docsLatest}/guide/template-syntax.html#inputs-outputs) section of the [Template Syntax](!{docsLatest}/guide/template-syntax.html) page.
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## Interpolation
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A form of [Property Data Binding](#data-binding) in which a
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A form of [property data binding](#data-binding) in which a
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[template expression](#template-expression) between double-curly braces
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renders as text. That text may be concatenated with neighboring text
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before it is assigned to an element property
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<label>My current hero is {{hero.name}}</label>
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Read more about interpolation in the
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Read more about [interpolation](!{docsLatest}/guide/template-syntax.html#interpolation) in the
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[Template Syntax](!{docsLatest}/guide/template-syntax.html) page.
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## Lifecycle Hooks
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[Directives](#directive) and [Components](#component) have a lifecycle
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[Directives](#directive) and [components](#component) have a lifecycle
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managed by Angular as it creates, updates, and destroys them.
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You can tap into key moments in that lifecycle by implementing
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block routing-component-defn
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An Angular [Component](#component) with a RouterOutlet that displays views based on router navigations.
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An Angular [component](#component) with a RouterOutlet that displays views based on router navigations.
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For more information, see the [Component Router](!{docsLatest}/guide/router.html) page.
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A template is a chunk of HTML that Angular uses to render a [view](#view) with
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the support and continuing guidance of an Angular [Directive](#directive),
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most notably a [component](#component).
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Template-driven forms are convenient, quick, and simple. They are a good choice for many basic data entry form scenarios.
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Learn how to build template-driven forms
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in the [Forms](!{docsLatest}/guide/forms.html) chapter.
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Read about how to build template-driven forms
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in the [Forms](!{docsLatest}/guide/forms.html) page.
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## Template Expression
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to user actions such as clicks, mouse moves, and keystrokes.
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Angular renders a view under the control of one or more [Directives](#directive),
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especially [Component](#component) directives and their companion [Templates](#template).
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The Component plays such a prominent role that it's often
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especially [component](#component) directives and their companion [Templates](#template).
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The component plays such a prominent role that it's often
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convenient to refer to a component as a view.
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Views often contain other views and any view might be loaded and unloaded

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