diff --git a/README.rst b/README.rst
index 1e274b3..328ee91 100644
--- a/README.rst
+++ b/README.rst
@@ -29,7 +29,27 @@ This is easily achieved by downloading
Usage Example
=============
-See examples/rfm9x_simpletest.py for a demo of the usage.
+Initialization of the RFM radio requires specifying a frequency appropriate to
+your radio hardware (i.e. 868-915 or 433 MHz) and specifying the pins used in your
+wiring from the controller board to the radio module.
+
+This example code matches the wiring used in the
+`LoRa and LoRaWAN Radio for Raspberry Pi `_
+project:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+ import digitalio
+ import board
+ import busio
+ import adafruit_rfm9x
+
+ RADIO_FREQ_MHZ = 915.0
+ CS = digitalio.DigitalInOut(board.CE1)
+ RESET = digitalio.DigitalInOut(board.D25)
+ spi = busio.SPI(board.SCK, MOSI=board.MOSI, MISO=board.MISO)
+ rfm9x = adafruit_rfm9x.RFM9x(spi, CS, RESET, RADIO_FREQ_MHZ)
+
Note: the default baudrate for the SPI is 50000000 (5MHz). The maximum setting is 10Mhz but
transmission errors have been observed expecially when using breakout boards.
For breakout boards or other configurations where the boards are separated, it may be necessary to reduce
@@ -39,16 +59,30 @@ To set it to 1000000 use :
.. code-block:: python
- # Initialze RFM radio
- rfm9x = adafruit_rfm9x.RFM9x(spi, CS, RESET, RADIO_FREQ_MHZ,baudrate=1000000)
+ # Initialze RFM radio with a more conservative baudrate
+ rfm9x = adafruit_rfm9x.RFM9x(spi, CS, RESET, RADIO_FREQ_MHZ, baudrate=1000000)
+
+Optional controls exist to alter the signal bandwidth, coding rate, and spreading factor
+settings used by the radio to achieve better performance in different environments.
+By default, settings compatible with RadioHead Bw125Cr45Sf128 mode are used, which can
+be altered in the following manner (continued from the above example):
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+ # Apply new modem config settings to the radio to improve its effective range
+ rfm9x.signal_bandwidth = 62500
+ rfm9x.coding_rate = 6
+ rfm9x.spreading_factor = 8
+ rfm9x.enable_crc = True
+See examples/rfm9x_simpletest.py for an expanded demo of the usage.
Contributing
============
Contributions are welcome! Please read our `Code of Conduct
-`_
+`_
before contributing to help this project stay welcoming.
Building locally
diff --git a/adafruit_rfm9x.py b/adafruit_rfm9x.py
index 2289e6e..8d84a66 100644
--- a/adafruit_rfm9x.py
+++ b/adafruit_rfm9x.py
@@ -33,6 +33,13 @@
import digitalio
from micropython import const
+try:
+ from warnings import warn
+except ImportError:
+ def warn(msg, **kwargs):
+ "Issue a warning to stdout."
+ print("%s: %s" % ("Warning" if kwargs.get("cat") is None else kwargs["cat"].__name__, msg))
+
import adafruit_bus_device.spi_device as spidev
@@ -192,6 +199,8 @@
_RH_RF95_LOW_DATA_RATE_OPTIMIZE = const(0x01)
# RH_RF95_REG_1E_MODEM_CONFIG2 0x1e
+_RH_RF95_DETECTION_OPTIMIZE = const(0x31)
+_RH_RF95_DETECTION_THRESHOLD = const(0x37)
_RH_RF95_SPREADING_FACTOR = const(0xf0)
_RH_RF95_SPREADING_FACTOR_64CPS = const(0x60)
_RH_RF95_SPREADING_FACTOR_128CPS = const(0x70)
@@ -333,6 +342,10 @@ def __set__(self, obj, val):
rx_done = _RegisterBits(_RH_RF95_REG_12_IRQ_FLAGS, offset=6, bits=1)
+ crc_error = _RegisterBits(_RH_RF95_REG_12_IRQ_FLAGS, offset=5, bits=1)
+
+ bw_bins = (7800, 10400, 15600, 20800, 31250, 41700, 62500, 125000, 250000)
+
def __init__(self, spi, cs, reset, frequency, *, preamble_length=8,
high_power=True, baudrate=5000000):
self.high_power = high_power
@@ -367,10 +380,13 @@ def __init__(self, spi, cs, reset, frequency, *, preamble_length=8,
self._write_u8(_RH_RF95_REG_0F_FIFO_RX_BASE_ADDR, 0x00)
# Set mode idle
self.idle()
- # Set modem config to RadioHead compatible Bw125Cr45Sf128 mode.
+ # Defaults set modem config to RadioHead compatible Bw125Cr45Sf128 mode.
+ self.signal_bandwidth = 125000
+ self.coding_rate = 5
+ self.spreading_factor = 7
+ # Default to disable CRC checking on incoming packets.
+ self.enable_crc = False
# Note no sync word is set for LoRa mode either!
- self._write_u8(_RH_RF95_REG_1D_MODEM_CONFIG1, 0x72) # Fei msb?
- self._write_u8(_RH_RF95_REG_1E_MODEM_CONFIG2, 0x74) # Fei lsb?
self._write_u8(_RH_RF95_REG_26_MODEM_CONFIG3, 0x00) # Preamble lsb?
# Set preamble length (default 8 bytes to match radiohead).
self.preamble_length = preamble_length
@@ -533,6 +549,100 @@ def rssi(self):
# Remember in LoRa mode the payload register changes function to RSSI!
return self._read_u8(_RH_RF95_REG_1A_PKT_RSSI_VALUE) - 137
+ @property
+ def signal_bandwidth(self):
+ """The signal bandwidth used by the radio (try setting to a higher
+ value to increase throughput or to a lower value to increase the
+ likelihood of successfully received payloads). Valid values are
+ listed in RFM9x.bw_bins."""
+ bw_id = (self._read_u8(_RH_RF95_REG_1D_MODEM_CONFIG1) & 0xf0) >> 4
+ if bw_id >= len(self.bw_bins):
+ current_bandwidth = 500000
+ else:
+ current_bandwidth = self.bw_bins[bw_id]
+ return current_bandwidth
+
+ @signal_bandwidth.setter
+ def signal_bandwidth(self, val):
+ # Set signal bandwidth (set to 125000 to match RadioHead Bw125).
+ for bw_id, cutoff in enumerate(self.bw_bins):
+ if val <= cutoff:
+ break
+ else:
+ bw_id = 9
+ self._write_u8(
+ _RH_RF95_REG_1D_MODEM_CONFIG1,
+ (self._read_u8(_RH_RF95_REG_1D_MODEM_CONFIG1) & 0x0f) | (bw_id << 4)
+ )
+
+ @property
+ def coding_rate(self):
+ """The coding rate used by the radio to control forward error
+ correction (try setting to a higher value to increase tolerance of
+ short bursts of interference or to a lower value to increase bit
+ rate). Valid values are limited to 5, 6, 7, or 8."""
+ cr_id = (self._read_u8(_RH_RF95_REG_1D_MODEM_CONFIG1) & 0x0e) >> 1
+ denominator = cr_id + 4
+ return denominator
+
+ @coding_rate.setter
+ def coding_rate(self, val):
+ # Set coding rate (set to 5 to match RadioHead Cr45).
+ denominator = min(max(val, 5), 8)
+ cr_id = denominator - 4
+ self._write_u8(
+ _RH_RF95_REG_1D_MODEM_CONFIG1,
+ (self._read_u8(_RH_RF95_REG_1D_MODEM_CONFIG1) & 0xf1) | (cr_id << 1)
+ )
+
+ @property
+ def spreading_factor(self):
+ """The spreading factor used by the radio (try setting to a higher
+ value to increase the receiver's ability to distinguish signal from
+ noise or to a lower value to increase the data transmission rate).
+ Valid values are limited to 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, or 12."""
+ sf_id = (self._read_u8(_RH_RF95_REG_1E_MODEM_CONFIG2) & 0xf0) >> 4
+ return sf_id
+
+ @spreading_factor.setter
+ def spreading_factor(self, val):
+ # Set spreading factor (set to 7 to match RadioHead Sf128).
+ val = min(max(val, 6), 12)
+ self._write_u8(
+ _RH_RF95_DETECTION_OPTIMIZE, 0xc5 if val == 6 else 0xc3
+ )
+ self._write_u8(
+ _RH_RF95_DETECTION_THRESHOLD, 0x0c if val == 6 else 0x0a
+ )
+ self._write_u8(
+ _RH_RF95_REG_1E_MODEM_CONFIG2,
+ (
+ (self._read_u8(_RH_RF95_REG_1E_MODEM_CONFIG2) & 0x0f) |
+ ((val << 4) & 0xf0)
+ )
+ )
+
+ @property
+ def enable_crc(self):
+ """Set to True to enable hardware CRC checking of incoming packets.
+ Incoming packets that fail the CRC check are not processed. Set to
+ False to disable CRC checking and process all incoming packets."""
+ return (self._read_u8(_RH_RF95_REG_1E_MODEM_CONFIG2) & 0x04) == 0x04
+
+ @enable_crc.setter
+ def enable_crc(self, val):
+ # Optionally enable CRC checking on incoming packets.
+ if val:
+ self._write_u8(
+ _RH_RF95_REG_1E_MODEM_CONFIG2,
+ self._read_u8(_RH_RF95_REG_1E_MODEM_CONFIG2) | 0x04
+ )
+ else:
+ self._write_u8(
+ _RH_RF95_REG_1E_MODEM_CONFIG2,
+ self._read_u8(_RH_RF95_REG_1E_MODEM_CONFIG2) & 0xfb
+ )
+
def send(self, data, timeout=2.,
tx_header=(_RH_BROADCAST_ADDRESS, _RH_BROADCAST_ADDRESS, 0, 0)):
"""Send a string of data using the transmitter.
@@ -617,25 +727,28 @@ def receive(self, timeout=0.5, keep_listening=True, with_header=False,
# Payload ready is set, a packet is in the FIFO.
packet = None
if not timed_out:
- # Grab the length of the received packet and check it has at least 5
- # bytes to indicate the 4 byte header and at least 1 byte of user data.
- length = self._read_u8(_RH_RF95_REG_13_RX_NB_BYTES)
- if length < 5:
- packet = None
+ if self.enable_crc and self.crc_error:
+ warn("CRC error, packet ignored")
else:
- # Have a good packet, grab it from the FIFO.
- # Reset the fifo read ptr to the beginning of the packet.
- current_addr = self._read_u8(_RH_RF95_REG_10_FIFO_RX_CURRENT_ADDR)
- self._write_u8(_RH_RF95_REG_0D_FIFO_ADDR_PTR, current_addr)
- packet = bytearray(length)
- # Read the packet.
- self._read_into(_RH_RF95_REG_00_FIFO, packet)
- if (rx_filter != _RH_BROADCAST_ADDRESS and packet[0] != _RH_BROADCAST_ADDRESS
- and packet[0] != rx_filter):
+ # Grab the length of the received packet and check it has at least 5
+ # bytes to indicate the 4 byte header and at least 1 byte of user data.
+ length = self._read_u8(_RH_RF95_REG_13_RX_NB_BYTES)
+ if length < 5:
packet = None
- elif not with_header: # skip the header if not wanted
- packet = packet[4:]
- # Listen again if necessary and return the result packet.
+ else:
+ # Have a good packet, grab it from the FIFO.
+ # Reset the fifo read ptr to the beginning of the packet.
+ current_addr = self._read_u8(_RH_RF95_REG_10_FIFO_RX_CURRENT_ADDR)
+ self._write_u8(_RH_RF95_REG_0D_FIFO_ADDR_PTR, current_addr)
+ packet = bytearray(length)
+ # Read the packet.
+ self._read_into(_RH_RF95_REG_00_FIFO, packet)
+ if (rx_filter != _RH_BROADCAST_ADDRESS and packet[0] != _RH_BROADCAST_ADDRESS
+ and packet[0] != rx_filter):
+ packet = None
+ elif not with_header: # skip the header if not wanted
+ packet = packet[4:]
+ # Listen again if necessary and return the result packet.
if keep_listening:
self.listen()
else:
diff --git a/setup.py b/setup.py
index 236f5f4..ed7f39d 100644
--- a/setup.py
+++ b/setup.py
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@
'Programming Language :: Python :: 3',
'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.4',
'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5',
+ 'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7',
],
# What does your project relate to?