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0622.design-circular-queue

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题目

Design your implementation of the circular queue. The circular queue is a linear data structure in which the operations are performed based on FIFO (First In First Out) principle and the last position is connected back to the first position to make a circle. It is also called "Ring Buffer".

One of the benefits of the circular queue is that we can make use of the spaces in front of the queue. In a normal queue, once the queue becomes full, we cannot insert the next element even if there is a space in front of the queue. But using the circular queue, we can use the space to store new values.

Your implementation should support following operations:

  • MyCircularQueue(k): Constructor, set the size of the queue to be k.
  • Front: Get the front item from the queue. If the queue is empty, return -1.
  • Rear: Get the last item from the queue. If the queue is empty, return -1.
  • enQueue(value): Insert an element into the circular queue. Return true if the operation is successful.
  • deQueue(): Delete an element from the circular queue. Return true if the operation is successful.
  • isEmpty(): Checks whether the circular queue is empty or not.
  • isFull(): Checks whether the circular queue is full or not.

Example:

MyCircularQueue circularQueue = new MycircularQueue(3); // set the size to be 3
circularQueue.enQueue(1); // return true
circularQueue.enQueue(2); // return true
circularQueue.enQueue(3); // return true
circularQueue.enQueue(4); // return false, the queue is full
circularQueue.Rear(); // return 3
circularQueue.isFull(); // return true
circularQueue.deQueue(); // return true
circularQueue.enQueue(4); // return true
circularQueue.Rear(); // return 4

Note:

  1. All values will be in the range of [0, 1000].
  2. The number of operations will be in the range of[1, 1000].
  3. Please do not use the built-in Queue library.

解题思路

见程序注释