From 1bdf3b27fa630c66a70cc1bc74674074b626cf9b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Christian Clauss <cclauss@me.com>
Date: Mon, 3 Oct 2022 09:31:32 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 01/18] Test on Python 3.11 release candidate 2

---
 .github/workflows/build.yml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/build.yml b/.github/workflows/build.yml
index 8481b962a256..95d7addd296a 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/build.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build.yml
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v3
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v4
         with:
-          python-version: 3.x
+          python-version: 3.11-dev
       - uses: actions/cache@v3
         with:
           path: ~/.cache/pip

From 4c375c12c9ed0a794bdce9fb8cd144fc82e407f3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Christian Clauss <cclauss@me.com>
Date: Sun, 9 Oct 2022 06:18:47 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 02/18] tensorflow; python<3.11

---
 requirements.txt | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/requirements.txt b/requirements.txt
index 294494acf41a..64ea31afad9c 100644
--- a/requirements.txt
+++ b/requirements.txt
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ requests
 sklearn
 statsmodels
 sympy
-tensorflow
+tensorflow; python<3.11
 texttable
 tweepy
 xgboost

From c1d7a42b08aeb39ff6b7e75925504abd283f8714 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Christian Clauss <cclauss@me.com>
Date: Sun, 9 Oct 2022 06:21:09 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 03/18] tensorflow; python_version < 3.11

---
 requirements.txt | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/requirements.txt b/requirements.txt
index 64ea31afad9c..519a2363aa7d 100644
--- a/requirements.txt
+++ b/requirements.txt
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ requests
 sklearn
 statsmodels
 sympy
-tensorflow; python<3.11
+tensorflow; python_version < 3.11
 texttable
 tweepy
 xgboost

From 71e8d5fa970580be1caceaadbcd128493bd40446 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Christian Clauss <cclauss@me.com>
Date: Sun, 9 Oct 2022 06:23:50 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 04/18] tensorflow; python_version < "3.11"

---
 requirements.txt | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/requirements.txt b/requirements.txt
index 519a2363aa7d..d1731d94b0fe 100644
--- a/requirements.txt
+++ b/requirements.txt
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ requests
 sklearn
 statsmodels
 sympy
-tensorflow; python_version < 3.11
+tensorflow; python_version < "3.11"
 texttable
 tweepy
 xgboost

From ff30c4d4251ac1695f4436f4361dc68e3050ba3a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Christian Clauss <cclauss@me.com>
Date: Sun, 9 Oct 2022 06:51:10 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 05/18] sympy, tensorflow; python_version < "3.11"

---
 requirements.txt | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/requirements.txt b/requirements.txt
index d1731d94b0fe..490d4d6ed5c6 100644
--- a/requirements.txt
+++ b/requirements.txt
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ requests
 # scikit-fuzzy  # Causing broken builds
 sklearn
 statsmodels
-sympy
+sympy; python_version < "3.11"
 tensorflow; python_version < "3.11"
 texttable
 tweepy

From b74a60a9668638fb63472ddb8972b7f4a64632af Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Christian Clauss <cclauss@me.com>
Date: Sun, 9 Oct 2022 07:26:14 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 06/18] sklearn; python_version < "3.11"

---
 requirements.txt | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/requirements.txt b/requirements.txt
index 490d4d6ed5c6..ff5f0471ae53 100644
--- a/requirements.txt
+++ b/requirements.txt
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ pillow
 qiskit
 requests
 # scikit-fuzzy  # Causing broken builds
-sklearn
+sklearn; python_version < "3.11"
 statsmodels
 sympy; python_version < "3.11"
 tensorflow; python_version < "3.11"

From b8de60916501279cad3ca955e9902576923f5e54 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Christian Clauss <cclauss@me.com>
Date: Sun, 9 Oct 2022 07:41:21 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 07/18] matplotlib, pandas, qiskit

---
 requirements.txt | 8 ++++----
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/requirements.txt b/requirements.txt
index ff5f0471ae53..d4f0a6fef508 100644
--- a/requirements.txt
+++ b/requirements.txt
@@ -2,15 +2,15 @@ beautifulsoup4
 fake_useragent
 keras
 lxml
-matplotlib
+matplotlib; python_version < "3.11"
 numpy
 opencv-python
-pandas
+pandas; python_version < "3.11"
 pillow
-qiskit
+qiskit; python_version < "3.11"
 requests
 # scikit-fuzzy  # Causing broken builds
-sklearn; python_version < "3.11"
+sklearn
 statsmodels
 sympy; python_version < "3.11"
 tensorflow; python_version < "3.11"

From 21a807e5df430eaea4bb17ce3960483492b17b4f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Christian Clauss <cclauss@me.com>
Date: Sun, 9 Oct 2022 07:58:42 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 08/18] statsmodels; python_version < "3.11"

---
 requirements.txt | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/requirements.txt b/requirements.txt
index d4f0a6fef508..25468cc4cc5a 100644
--- a/requirements.txt
+++ b/requirements.txt
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ beautifulsoup4
 fake_useragent
 keras
 lxml
-matplotlib; python_version < "3.11"
+matplotlib
 numpy
 opencv-python
 pandas; python_version < "3.11"
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ qiskit; python_version < "3.11"
 requests
 # scikit-fuzzy  # Causing broken builds
 sklearn
-statsmodels
+statsmodels; python_version < "3.11"
 sympy; python_version < "3.11"
 tensorflow; python_version < "3.11"
 texttable

From d0dfc6d70406edbf290a835c497ee5a6686603dd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Christian Clauss <cclauss@me.com>
Date: Sun, 9 Oct 2022 08:18:11 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 09/18] Bring back Pandas

---
 requirements.txt | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/requirements.txt b/requirements.txt
index 25468cc4cc5a..94765225d785 100644
--- a/requirements.txt
+++ b/requirements.txt
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ lxml
 matplotlib
 numpy
 opencv-python
-pandas; python_version < "3.11"
+pandas
 pillow
 qiskit; python_version < "3.11"
 requests

From 5f6f0b08b8802fb0c034b643d116362736f58634 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Christian Clauss <cclauss@me.com>
Date: Sun, 9 Oct 2022 08:40:58 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 10/18] Problem deps are qiskit, statsmodels, and tensorflow

---
 requirements.txt | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/requirements.txt b/requirements.txt
index 94765225d785..bdb743e27b4c 100644
--- a/requirements.txt
+++ b/requirements.txt
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ requests
 # scikit-fuzzy  # Causing broken builds
 sklearn
 statsmodels; python_version < "3.11"
-sympy; python_version < "3.11"
+sympy
 tensorflow; python_version < "3.11"
 texttable
 tweepy

From 3640c613d41655250fe43bb1b25fb1d07bf8b915 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: github-actions <${GITHUB_ACTOR}@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Wed, 26 Oct 2022 15:31:03 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 11/18] updating DIRECTORY.md

---
 DIRECTORY.md | 12 ++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 12 insertions(+)

diff --git a/DIRECTORY.md b/DIRECTORY.md
index 3e722a8784e5..9c4f55e9c241 100644
--- a/DIRECTORY.md
+++ b/DIRECTORY.md
@@ -56,8 +56,13 @@
 
 ## Boolean Algebra
   * [And Gate](boolean_algebra/and_gate.py)
+  * [Nand Gate](boolean_algebra/nand_gate.py)
   * [Norgate](boolean_algebra/norgate.py)
+  * [Not Gate](boolean_algebra/not_gate.py)
+  * [Or Gate](boolean_algebra/or_gate.py)
   * [Quine Mc Cluskey](boolean_algebra/quine_mc_cluskey.py)
+  * [Xnor Gate](boolean_algebra/xnor_gate.py)
+  * [Xor Gate](boolean_algebra/xor_gate.py)
 
 ## Cellular Automata
   * [Conways Game Of Life](cellular_automata/conways_game_of_life.py)
@@ -288,6 +293,7 @@
   * [Iterating Through Submasks](dynamic_programming/iterating_through_submasks.py)
   * [Knapsack](dynamic_programming/knapsack.py)
   * [Longest Common Subsequence](dynamic_programming/longest_common_subsequence.py)
+  * [Longest Common Substring](dynamic_programming/longest_common_substring.py)
   * [Longest Increasing Subsequence](dynamic_programming/longest_increasing_subsequence.py)
   * [Longest Increasing Subsequence O(Nlogn)](dynamic_programming/longest_increasing_subsequence_o(nlogn).py)
   * [Longest Sub Array](dynamic_programming/longest_sub_array.py)
@@ -298,6 +304,7 @@
   * [Minimum Coin Change](dynamic_programming/minimum_coin_change.py)
   * [Minimum Cost Path](dynamic_programming/minimum_cost_path.py)
   * [Minimum Partition](dynamic_programming/minimum_partition.py)
+  * [Minimum Squares To Represent A Number](dynamic_programming/minimum_squares_to_represent_a_number.py)
   * [Minimum Steps To One](dynamic_programming/minimum_steps_to_one.py)
   * [Optimal Binary Search Tree](dynamic_programming/optimal_binary_search_tree.py)
   * [Rod Cutting](dynamic_programming/rod_cutting.py)
@@ -474,6 +481,7 @@
   * [Add](maths/add.py)
   * [Aliquot Sum](maths/aliquot_sum.py)
   * [Allocation Number](maths/allocation_number.py)
+  * [Arc Length](maths/arc_length.py)
   * [Area](maths/area.py)
   * [Area Under Curve](maths/area_under_curve.py)
   * [Armstrong Numbers](maths/armstrong_numbers.py)
@@ -609,7 +617,9 @@
 ## Matrix
   * [Binary Search Matrix](matrix/binary_search_matrix.py)
   * [Count Islands In Matrix](matrix/count_islands_in_matrix.py)
+  * [Cramers Rule 2X2](matrix/cramers_rule_2x2.py)
   * [Inverse Of Matrix](matrix/inverse_of_matrix.py)
+  * [Largest Square Area In Matrix](matrix/largest_square_area_in_matrix.py)
   * [Matrix Class](matrix/matrix_class.py)
   * [Matrix Operation](matrix/matrix_operation.py)
   * [Max Area Of Island](matrix/max_area_of_island.py)
@@ -657,6 +667,7 @@
 ## Physics
   * [Casimir Effect](physics/casimir_effect.py)
   * [Horizontal Projectile Motion](physics/horizontal_projectile_motion.py)
+  * [Kinetic Energy](physics/kinetic_energy.py)
   * [Lorentz Transformation Four Vector](physics/lorentz_transformation_four_vector.py)
   * [N Body Simulation](physics/n_body_simulation.py)
   * [Newtons Law Of Gravitation](physics/newtons_law_of_gravitation.py)
@@ -1048,6 +1059,7 @@
   * [Hamming Distance](strings/hamming_distance.py)
   * [Indian Phone Validator](strings/indian_phone_validator.py)
   * [Is Contains Unique Chars](strings/is_contains_unique_chars.py)
+  * [Is Isogram](strings/is_isogram.py)
   * [Is Palindrome](strings/is_palindrome.py)
   * [Is Pangram](strings/is_pangram.py)
   * [Is Spain National Id](strings/is_spain_national_id.py)

From a9bdb8b5c413dfcb94dab1b17ada5bb5bbd804b7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Christian Clauss <cclauss@me.com>
Date: Mon, 31 Oct 2022 12:37:36 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 12/18] python-version: 3.11-dev --> 3.11

---
 .github/workflows/build.yml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/build.yml b/.github/workflows/build.yml
index 95d7addd296a..0ef146d0e136 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/build.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build.yml
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v3
       - uses: actions/setup-python@v4
         with:
-          python-version: 3.11-dev
+          python-version: 3.11
       - uses: actions/cache@v3
         with:
           path: ~/.cache/pip

From a2a4b3a68d5612e068f2197d2a18da7f257eecdf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: github-actions <${GITHUB_ACTOR}@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Mon, 31 Oct 2022 11:54:14 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 13/18] updating DIRECTORY.md

---
 DIRECTORY.md | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/DIRECTORY.md b/DIRECTORY.md
index be3a121c80bd..0b0d1e6a7c9d 100644
--- a/DIRECTORY.md
+++ b/DIRECTORY.md
@@ -328,6 +328,7 @@
   * [Electric Conductivity](electronics/electric_conductivity.py)
   * [Electric Power](electronics/electric_power.py)
   * [Electrical Impedance](electronics/electrical_impedance.py)
+  * [Ind Reactance](electronics/ind_reactance.py)
   * [Ohms Law](electronics/ohms_law.py)
   * [Resistor Equivalence](electronics/resistor_equivalence.py)
   * [Resonant Frequency](electronics/resonant_frequency.py)

From 58f6b1ecf0bf96295f807dbb6dd117a9c8b81318 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Christian Clauss <cclauss@me.com>
Date: Mon, 31 Oct 2022 14:21:42 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 14/18] Add pytest --ignore to pyproject.toml

---
 pyproject.toml | 20 +++++++++++++++++++-
 1 file changed, 19 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index 410e7655b2b5..8000bd598c64 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -1,3 +1,16 @@
+# ERROR computer_vision/cnn_classification.py - ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'tensorflow'
+# ERROR machine_learning/forecasting/run.py - ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'statsmodels'
+# ERROR machine_learning/lstm/lstm_prediction.py - ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'tensorflow'
+# ERROR quantum/deutsch_jozsa.py - ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'qiskit'
+# ERROR quantum/half_adder.py - ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'qiskit'
+# ERROR quantum/not_gate.py - ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'qiskit'
+# ERROR quantum/q_full_adder.py - ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'qiskit'
+# ERROR quantum/quantum_entanglement.py - ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'qiskit'
+# ERROR quantum/quantum_teleportation.py - ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'qiskit'
+# ERROR quantum/ripple_adder_classic.py - ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'qiskit'
+# ERROR quantum/single_qubit_measure.py - ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'qiskit'
+# ERROR quantum/superdense_coding.py - ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'qiskit'
+
 [tool.pytest.ini_options]
 markers = [
     "mat_ops: mark a test as utilizing matrix operations.",
@@ -7,7 +20,12 @@ addopts = [
     "--doctest-modules",
     "--showlocals",
 ]
-
+ignore = [
+    "computer_vision/cnn_classification.py",
+    "machine_learning/forecasting/run.py",
+    "machine_learning/lstm/lstm_prediction.py",
+    "quantum",
+]
 
 [tool.coverage.report]
 omit = [".env/*"]

From 28938f03ca12adc9be2426eeb6c7fad96601ec6c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Christian Clauss <cclauss@me.com>
Date: Mon, 31 Oct 2022 14:37:41 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 15/18] Update build.yml

---
 .github/workflows/build.yml | 11 ++++++++++-
 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/build.yml b/.github/workflows/build.yml
index 7f3adb5d0b97..1069c68d215f 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/build.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/build.yml
@@ -22,6 +22,15 @@ jobs:
           python -m pip install --upgrade pip setuptools six wheel
           python -m pip install pytest-cov -r requirements.txt
       - name: Run tests
-        run: pytest --ignore=project_euler/ --ignore=scripts/validate_solutions.py --cov-report=term-missing:skip-covered --cov=. .
+        # See: #6591 for re-enabling tests on Python v3.11
+        run: pytest
+            --ignore=computer_vision/cnn_classification.py
+            --ignore=machine_learning/forecasting/run.py
+            --ignore=machine_learning/lstm/lstm_prediction.py
+            --ignore=quantum/
+            --ignore=project_euler/
+            --ignore=scripts/validate_solutions.py
+            --cov-report=term-missing:skip-covered
+            --cov=. .
       - if: ${{ success() }}
         run: scripts/build_directory_md.py 2>&1 | tee DIRECTORY.md

From e931c322bd12e874e99c7708551a6e7d84913a91 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Christian Clauss <cclauss@me.com>
Date: Mon, 31 Oct 2022 14:38:56 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 16/18] Update pyproject.toml

---
 pyproject.toml | 19 -------------------
 1 file changed, 19 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index 8000bd598c64..5f9b1aa06c0e 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -1,16 +1,3 @@
-# ERROR computer_vision/cnn_classification.py - ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'tensorflow'
-# ERROR machine_learning/forecasting/run.py - ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'statsmodels'
-# ERROR machine_learning/lstm/lstm_prediction.py - ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'tensorflow'
-# ERROR quantum/deutsch_jozsa.py - ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'qiskit'
-# ERROR quantum/half_adder.py - ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'qiskit'
-# ERROR quantum/not_gate.py - ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'qiskit'
-# ERROR quantum/q_full_adder.py - ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'qiskit'
-# ERROR quantum/quantum_entanglement.py - ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'qiskit'
-# ERROR quantum/quantum_teleportation.py - ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'qiskit'
-# ERROR quantum/ripple_adder_classic.py - ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'qiskit'
-# ERROR quantum/single_qubit_measure.py - ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'qiskit'
-# ERROR quantum/superdense_coding.py - ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'qiskit'
-
 [tool.pytest.ini_options]
 markers = [
     "mat_ops: mark a test as utilizing matrix operations.",
@@ -20,12 +7,6 @@ addopts = [
     "--doctest-modules",
     "--showlocals",
 ]
-ignore = [
-    "computer_vision/cnn_classification.py",
-    "machine_learning/forecasting/run.py",
-    "machine_learning/lstm/lstm_prediction.py",
-    "quantum",
-]
 
 [tool.coverage.report]
 omit = [".env/*"]

From c456b171807fd8b2c9f39e576ea56a39d5fd7ec5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Christian Clauss <cclauss@me.com>
Date: Mon, 31 Oct 2022 14:39:55 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 17/18] Update pyproject.toml

---
 pyproject.toml | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index 5f9b1aa06c0e..410e7655b2b5 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ addopts = [
     "--showlocals",
 ]
 
+
 [tool.coverage.report]
 omit = [".env/*"]
 sort = "Cover"

From 74ac4ca09b31e4f60172ab1f80e2af75bf9559c7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Christian Clauss <cclauss@me.com>
Date: Mon, 31 Oct 2022 14:46:31 +0100
Subject: [PATCH 18/18] Python 3.11

---
 CONTRIBUTING.md | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/CONTRIBUTING.md b/CONTRIBUTING.md
index 37e020b8fd8a..3ce5bd1edf68 100644
--- a/CONTRIBUTING.md
+++ b/CONTRIBUTING.md
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ pre-commit run --all-files --show-diff-on-failure
 
 We want your work to be readable by others; therefore, we encourage you to note the following:
 
-- Please write in Python 3.10+. For instance:  `print()` is a function in Python 3 so `print "Hello"` will *not* work but `print("Hello")` will.
+- Please write in Python 3.11+. For instance:  `print()` is a function in Python 3 so `print "Hello"` will *not* work but `print("Hello")` will.
 - Please focus hard on the naming of functions, classes, and variables.  Help your reader by using __descriptive names__ that can help you to remove redundant comments.
   - Single letter variable names are *old school* so please avoid them unless their life only spans a few lines.
   - Expand acronyms because `gcd()` is hard to understand but `greatest_common_divisor()` is not.