add binary_tree_traversals.py to data_structures

I have added some interesting binary tree traversing methods.

Author: rajansh87

data_structures/binary_tree/binary_tree_traversals.py

@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+class Node:
+    """
+    A Node has data variable and pointers toits left and right nodes.
+    """
+    def __init__(self,data):
+        self.left=None
+        self.right=None
+        self.data=data
+
+def preOrder(root):
+    """
+    PreOrder traversal: visit root node then its left subtree followed by right subtree.
+    """
+    if(root!=None):
+        print(root.data,end=" ")
+        preOrder(root.left)
+        preOrder(root.right)
+        
+def postOrder(root):
+    """
+    PostOrder traversal: visit left subtree followed by right subtree and then root node.
+    """
+    if(root!=None):
+        postOrder(root.left)
+        postOrder(root.right)
+        print(root.data,end=" ")
+        
+def inOrder(root):
+    """
+    InOrder traversal: visit its left subtree followed by root node and then right subtree.
+    """
+    if(root!=None):
+        inOrder(root.left)
+        print(root.data,end=" ") 
+        inOrder(root.right)
+
+def Height(root):
+    """
+    Recursive function for calculating height of the binary tree.
+    """
+    if(root==None):
+        return 0
+    leftHeight=Height(root.left)
+    rightHeight=Height(root.right)
+    if leftHeight>rightHeight:
+        return leftHeight+1
+    else:
+        return rightHeight+1
+    
+def levelOrder1(root):
+    """
+    Print whole binary tree in Level Order Traverse.
+    Level Order traverse: Visit nodes of the tree level-by-level.
+    """
+    if root==None:
+        return
+    temp=root
+    que=[temp]
+    while(len(que)>0):
+        print(que[0].data,end=" ")
+        temp=que.pop(0)
+        if temp.left!=None:
+            que.append(temp.left)
+        if temp.right!=None:
+            que.append(temp.right)
+
+def levelOrder2(root,level):
+    """
+    Level-wise traversal:
+    Print all nodes present at the given level of the binary tree.
+    """
+    if root==None:
+        return root
+    if level==1:
+        print(root.data,end=" ")
+    elif level>1:
+        levelOrder2(root.left,level-1)
+        levelOrder2(root.right,level-1)  
+
+def printLeftToRight(root,level):
+    """
+    Print elements on particular level from left to right direction of the binary tree.
+    """
+    if root==None:
+        return
+    if level==1:
+        print(root.data,end=" ")
+    elif level>1:
+        printLeftToRight(root.left,level-1)
+        printLeftToRight(root.right,level-1)
+
+def printRightToLeft(root,level):
+    """
+    Print elements on particular level from right to left direction of the binary tree.
+    """
+    if root==None:
+        return
+    if level==1:
+        print(root.data,end=" ")
+    elif level>1:
+        printRightToLeft(root.right,level-1)
+        printRightToLeft(root.left,level-1)
+    
+def ZigZag(root):
+    """
+    ZigZag traverse: Print node left to right and right to left, alternatively.
+    """
+    flag=0
+    height=Height(root)
+    for h in range(1,height+1):
+        if flag==0:
+            printLeftToRight(root,h)
+            flag=1
+        else:
+            printRightToLeft(root,h)
+            flag=0
+
+def main(): # Main function for testing.
+    """
+    Create binary tree.
+    """
+    root=Node(1)
+    root.left=Node(2)
+    root.right=Node(3)
+    root.left.left=Node(4)
+    root.left.right=Node(5)
+
+    """
+    All Traversals of the binary are as follows:
+    """
+    print("In order Traversal is : ")
+    inOrder(root)
+    print("\nPre order Traversal is : ")
+    preOrder(root)
+    print("\nPost order Traversal is : ")
+    postOrder(root)
+    print("\nHeight of Tree is : ")
+    height=Height(root)
+    print(height)
+    print("\nComplete Level Order Traversal is : ")
+    levelOrder1(root)
+    print("\nLevel-wise order Traversal is : ")
+    for h in range(1,height+1):
+        levelOrder2(root,h)
+    print("\nZigZag order Traversal is : ")
+    ZigZag(root)
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()