diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/audiofilters/EMAFilter.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/audiofilters/EMAFilter.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..0dd23e937953 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/audiofilters/EMAFilter.java @@ -0,0 +1,48 @@ +package com.thealgorithms.audiofilters; + +/** + * Exponential Moving Average (EMA) Filter for smoothing audio signals. + * + *

This filter applies an exponential moving average to a sequence of audio + * signal values, making it useful for smoothing out rapid fluctuations. + * The smoothing factor (alpha) controls the degree of smoothing. + * + *

Based on the definition from + * Wikipedia link. + */ +public class EMAFilter { + private final double alpha; + private double emaValue; + /** + * Constructs an EMA filter with a given smoothing factor. + * + * @param alpha Smoothing factor (0 < alpha <= 1) + * @throws IllegalArgumentException if alpha is not in (0, 1] + */ + public EMAFilter(double alpha) { + if (alpha <= 0 || alpha > 1) { + throw new IllegalArgumentException("Alpha must be between 0 and 1."); + } + this.alpha = alpha; + this.emaValue = 0.0; + } + /** + * Applies the EMA filter to an audio signal array. + * + * @param audioSignal Array of audio samples to process + * @return Array of processed (smoothed) samples + */ + public double[] apply(double[] audioSignal) { + if (audioSignal.length == 0) { + return new double[0]; + } + double[] emaSignal = new double[audioSignal.length]; + emaValue = audioSignal[0]; + emaSignal[0] = emaValue; + for (int i = 1; i < audioSignal.length; i++) { + emaValue = alpha * audioSignal[i] + (1 - alpha) * emaValue; + emaSignal[i] = emaValue; + } + return emaSignal; + } +} diff --git a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/audiofilters/EMAFilterTest.java b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/audiofilters/EMAFilterTest.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..f2338d3d8296 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/audiofilters/EMAFilterTest.java @@ -0,0 +1,41 @@ +package com.thealgorithms.audiofilters; + +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertArrayEquals; + +import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; + +public class EMAFilterTest { + + @Test + public void testApplyBasicSignal() { + EMAFilter emaFilter = new EMAFilter(0.2); + double[] audioSignal = {0.1, 0.5, 0.8, 0.6, 0.3, 0.9, 0.4}; + double[] expectedOutput = {0.1, 0.18, 0.304, 0.3632, 0.35056, 0.460448, 0.4483584}; + double[] result = emaFilter.apply(audioSignal); + assertArrayEquals(expectedOutput, result, 1e-5); + } + + @Test + public void testApplyEmptySignal() { + EMAFilter emaFilter = new EMAFilter(0.2); + double[] audioSignal = {}; + double[] expectedOutput = {}; + double[] result = emaFilter.apply(audioSignal); + assertArrayEquals(expectedOutput, result); + } + + @Test + public void testAlphaBounds() { + EMAFilter emaFilterMin = new EMAFilter(0.01); + EMAFilter emaFilterMax = new EMAFilter(1.0); + double[] audioSignal = {1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0}; + + // Minimal smoothing (alpha close to 0) + double[] resultMin = emaFilterMin.apply(audioSignal); + assertArrayEquals(audioSignal, resultMin, 1e-5); + + // Maximum smoothing (alpha = 1, output should match input) + double[] resultMax = emaFilterMax.apply(audioSignal); + assertArrayEquals(audioSignal, resultMax, 1e-5); + } +}