diff --git a/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/bitmanipulation/LowestSetBit.java b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/bitmanipulation/LowestSetBit.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..127b6fa2c0b1 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/bitmanipulation/LowestSetBit.java @@ -0,0 +1,34 @@ +package com.thealgorithms.bitmanipulation; + +/** + * Lowest Set Bit + * @author Prayas Kumar (https://github.com/prayas7102) + */ + +public final class LowestSetBit { + // Private constructor to hide the default public one + private LowestSetBit() { + } + /** + * Isolates the lowest set bit of the given number. For example, if n = 18 + * (binary: 10010), the result will be 2 (binary: 00010). + * + * @param n the number whose lowest set bit will be isolated + * @return the isolated lowest set bit of n + */ + public static int isolateLowestSetBit(int n) { + // Isolate the lowest set bit using n & -n + return n & -n; + } + /** + * Clears the lowest set bit of the given number. + * For example, if n = 18 (binary: 10010), the result will be 16 (binary: 10000). + * + * @param n the number whose lowest set bit will be cleared + * @return the number after clearing its lowest set bit + */ + public static int clearLowestSetBit(int n) { + // Clear the lowest set bit using n & (n - 1) + return n & (n - 1); + } +} diff --git a/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/bitmanipulation/LowestSetBitTest.java b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/bitmanipulation/LowestSetBitTest.java new file mode 100644 index 000000000000..4c4d33640ad4 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/bitmanipulation/LowestSetBitTest.java @@ -0,0 +1,86 @@ +package com.thealgorithms.bitmanipulation; + +import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals; + +import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test; + +/** + * Test case for Lowest Set Bit + * @author Prayas Kumar (https://github.com/prayas7102) + */ + +public class LowestSetBitTest { + + @Test + void testLowestSetBitWithPositiveNumber() { + // Test with a general positive number + assertEquals(2, LowestSetBit.isolateLowestSetBit(18)); // 18 in binary: 10010, lowest bit is 2 + } + + @Test + void testLowestSetBitWithZero() { + // Test with zero (edge case, no set bits) + assertEquals(0, LowestSetBit.isolateLowestSetBit(0)); // 0 has no set bits, result should be 0 + } + + @Test + void testLowestSetBitWithOne() { + // Test with number 1 (lowest set bit is 1 itself) + assertEquals(1, LowestSetBit.isolateLowestSetBit(1)); // 1 in binary: 0001, lowest bit is 1 + } + + @Test + void testLowestSetBitWithPowerOfTwo() { + // Test with a power of two (only one set bit) + assertEquals(16, LowestSetBit.isolateLowestSetBit(16)); // 16 in binary: 10000, lowest bit is 16 + } + + @Test + void testLowestSetBitWithAllBitsSet() { + // Test with a number with multiple set bits (like 7) + assertEquals(1, LowestSetBit.isolateLowestSetBit(7)); // 7 in binary: 111, lowest bit is 1 + } + + @Test + void testLowestSetBitWithNegativeNumber() { + // Test with a negative number (-1 in two's complement has all bits set) + assertEquals(1, LowestSetBit.isolateLowestSetBit(-1)); // -1 in two's complement is all 1s, lowest bit is 1 + } + + @Test + void testLowestSetBitWithLargeNumber() { + // Test with a large number + assertEquals(64, LowestSetBit.isolateLowestSetBit(448)); // 448 in binary: 111000000, lowest bit is 64 + } + + @Test + void testClearLowestSetBitFor18() { + // n = 18 (binary: 10010), expected result = 16 (binary: 10000) + assertEquals(16, LowestSetBit.clearLowestSetBit(18)); + } + + @Test + void testClearLowestSetBitFor10() { + // n = 10 (binary: 1010), expected result = 8 (binary: 1000) + assertEquals(8, LowestSetBit.clearLowestSetBit(10)); + } + + @Test + void testClearLowestSetBitFor7() { + // n = 7 (binary: 0111), expected result = 6 (binary: 0110) + assertEquals(6, LowestSetBit.clearLowestSetBit(7)); + } + + @Test + void testClearLowestSetBitFor0() { + // n = 0 (binary: 0000), no set bits to clear, expected result = 0 + assertEquals(0, LowestSetBit.clearLowestSetBit(0)); + } + + @Test + void testClearLowestSetBitForNegativeNumber() { + // Test negative number to see how it behaves with two's complement + // n = -1 (binary: all 1s in two's complement), expected result = -2 (clearing lowest set bit) + assertEquals(-2, LowestSetBit.clearLowestSetBit(-1)); + } +}