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Merge branch 'master' into master
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‎DIRECTORY.md

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* [RSA](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/ciphers/RSA.java)
5353
* [SimpleSubCipher](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/ciphers/SimpleSubCipher.java)
5454
* [Vigenere](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/ciphers/Vigenere.java)
55+
* [XORCipher](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/ciphers/XORCipher.java)
5556
* conversions
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* [AffineConverter](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/conversions/AffineConverter.java)
5758
* [AnyBaseToAnyBase](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/conversions/AnyBaseToAnyBase.java)
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* [HexaDecimalToBinary](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/conversions/HexaDecimalToBinary.java)
6869
* [HexaDecimalToDecimal](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/conversions/HexaDecimalToDecimal.java)
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* [HexToOct](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/conversions/HexToOct.java)
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* [IntegerToEnglish] (https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/conversions/IntegerToEnglish.java)
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* [IntegerToRoman](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/conversions/IntegerToRoman.java)
7173
* [OctalToBinary](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/conversions/OctalToBinary.java)
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* [OctalToDecimal](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/conversions/OctalToDecimal.java)
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* [KnapsackMemoization](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/dynamicprogramming/KnapsackMemoization.java)
239241
* [LevenshteinDistance](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/dynamicprogramming/LevenshteinDistance.java)
240242
* [LongestAlternatingSubsequence](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/dynamicprogramming/LongestAlternatingSubsequence.java)
243+
* [LongestArithmeticSubsequence](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/dynamicprogramming/LongestArithmeticSubsequence.java)
241244
* [LongestCommonSubsequence](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/dynamicprogramming/LongestCommonSubsequence.java)
242245
* [LongestIncreasingSubsequence](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/dynamicprogramming/LongestIncreasingSubsequence.java)
243246
* [LongestPalindromicSubsequence](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/dynamicprogramming/LongestPalindromicSubsequence.java)
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* greedyalgorithms
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* [ActivitySelection](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/greedyalgorithms/ActivitySelection.java)
268271
* [CoinChange](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/greedyalgorithms/CoinChange.java)
272+
* [DigitSeparation](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/greedyalgorithms/DigitSeparation.java)
269273
* [FractionalKnapsack](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/greedyalgorithms/FractionalKnapsack.java)
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* [GaleShapley](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/greedyalgorithms/GaleShapley.java)
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* [JobSequencing](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/greedyalgorithms/JobSequencing.java)
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* [DecimalToAnyUsingStack](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/stacks/DecimalToAnyUsingStack.java)
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* [DuplicateBrackets](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/stacks/DuplicateBrackets.java)
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* [InfixToPostfix](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/stacks/InfixToPostfix.java)
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* [InfixToPrefix](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/stacks/InfixToPrefix.java)
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* [LargestRectangle](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/stacks/LargestRectangle.java)
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* [MaximumMinimumWindow](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/stacks/MaximumMinimumWindow.java)
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* [NextGreaterElement](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/stacks/NextGreaterElement.java)
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* [NextSmallerElement](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/stacks/NextSmallerElement.java)
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* [PostfixToInfix](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/stacks/PostfixToInfix.java)
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* [PrefixToInfix](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/stacks/PrefixToInfix.java)
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* [StackPostfixNotation](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/stacks/StackPostfixNotation.java)
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* strings
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* [AhoCorasick](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/strings/AhoCorasick.java)
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* [RSATest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/ciphers/RSATest.java)
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* [SimpleSubCipherTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/ciphers/SimpleSubCipherTest.java)
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* [VigenereTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/ciphers/VigenereTest.java)
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* [XORCipherTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/ciphers/XORCipherTest.java)
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* conversions
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* [AnyBaseToDecimalTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/conversions/AnyBaseToDecimalTest.java)
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* [BinaryToDecimalTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/conversions/BinaryToDecimalTest.java)
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* [ZigzagTraversalTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/datastructures/trees/ZigzagTraversalTest.java)
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* divideandconquer
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* [BinaryExponentiationTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/divideandconquer/BinaryExponentiationTest.java)
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* [SkylineAlgorithmTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/divideandconquer/SkylineAlgorithmTest.java)
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* [StrassenMatrixMultiplicationTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/divideandconquer/StrassenMatrixMultiplicationTest.java)
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* dynamicprogramming
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* [BoardPathTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/dynamicprogramming/BoardPathTest.java)
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* [KnapsackTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/dynamicprogramming/KnapsackTest.java)
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* [LevenshteinDistanceTests](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/dynamicprogramming/LevenshteinDistanceTests.java)
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* [LongestAlternatingSubsequenceTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/dynamicprogramming/LongestAlternatingSubsequenceTest.java)
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* [LongestArithmeticSubsequenceTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/dynamicprogramming/LongestArithmeticSubsequenceTest.java)
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* [LongestIncreasingSubsequenceTests](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/dynamicprogramming/LongestIncreasingSubsequenceTests.java)
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* [LongestPalindromicSubstringTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/dynamicprogramming/LongestPalindromicSubstringTest.java)
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* [LongestValidParenthesesTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/dynamicprogramming/LongestValidParenthesesTest.java)
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* greedyalgorithms
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* [ActivitySelectionTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/greedyalgorithms/ActivitySelectionTest.java)
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* [CoinChangeTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/greedyalgorithms/CoinChangeTest.java)
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* [DigitSeparationTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/greedyalgorithms/DigitSeparationTest.java)
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* [FractionalKnapsackTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/greedyalgorithms/FractionalKnapsackTest.java)
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* [GaleShapleyTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/greedyalgorithms/GaleShapleyTest.java)
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* [JobSequencingTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/greedyalgorithms/JobSequencingTest.java)
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* [DecimalToAnyUsingStackTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/stacks/DecimalToAnyUsingStackTest.java)
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* [DuplicateBracketsTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/stacks/DuplicateBracketsTest.java)
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* [InfixToPostfixTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/stacks/InfixToPostfixTest.java)
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* [InfixToPrefixTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/stacks/InfixToPrefixTest.java)
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* [LargestRectangleTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/stacks/LargestRectangleTest.java)
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* [NextGreaterElementTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/stacks/NextGreaterElementTest.java)
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* [NextSmallerElementTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/stacks/NextSmallerElementTest.java)
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* [PostfixToInfixTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/stacks/PostfixToInfixTest.java)
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* [PrefixToInfixTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/stacks/PrefixToInfixTest.java)
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* [StackPostfixNotationTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/stacks/StackPostfixNotationTest.java)
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* strings
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* [AhoCorasickTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/strings/AhoCorasickTest.java)

‎src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/ciphers/XORCipher.java

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package com.thealgorithms.ciphers;
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import java.nio.charset.Charset;
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import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
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import java.util.HexFormat;
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/**
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* A simple implementation of XOR cipher that, given a key, allows to encrypt and decrypt a plaintext.
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*
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* @author <a href="https://github.com/lcsjunior">lcsjunior</a>
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*
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*/
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public final class XORCipher {
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private static final Charset CS_DEFAULT = StandardCharsets.UTF_8;
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private XORCipher() {
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}
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public static byte[] xor(final byte[] inputBytes, final byte[] keyBytes) {
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byte[] outputBytes = new byte[inputBytes.length];
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for (int i = 0; i < inputBytes.length; ++i) {
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outputBytes[i] = (byte) (inputBytes[i] ^ keyBytes[i % keyBytes.length]);
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}
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return outputBytes;
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}
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public static String encrypt(final String plainText, final String key) {
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byte[] plainTextBytes = plainText.getBytes(CS_DEFAULT);
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byte[] keyBytes = key.getBytes(CS_DEFAULT);
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byte[] xorResult = xor(plainTextBytes, keyBytes);
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return HexFormat.of().formatHex(xorResult);
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}
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public static String decrypt(final String cipherText, final String key) {
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byte[] cipherBytes = HexFormat.of().parseHex(cipherText);
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byte[] keyBytes = key.getBytes(CS_DEFAULT);
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byte[] xorResult = xor(cipherBytes, keyBytes);
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return new String(xorResult, CS_DEFAULT);
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}
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}

‎src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/conversions/IntegerToEnglish.java

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package com.thealgorithms.conversions;
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import java.util.Map;
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public final class IntegerToEnglish {
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private static final Map<Integer, String> BASE_NUMBERS_MAP = Map.ofEntries(Map.entry(0, ""), Map.entry(1, "One"), Map.entry(2, "Two"), Map.entry(3, "Three"), Map.entry(4, "Four"), Map.entry(5, "Five"), Map.entry(6, "Six"), Map.entry(7, "Seven"), Map.entry(8, "Eight"), Map.entry(9, "Nine"),
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Map.entry(10, "Ten"), Map.entry(11, "Eleven"), Map.entry(12, "Twelve"), Map.entry(13, "Thirteen"), Map.entry(14, "Fourteen"), Map.entry(15, "Fifteen"), Map.entry(16, "Sixteen"), Map.entry(17, "Seventeen"), Map.entry(18, "Eighteen"), Map.entry(19, "Nineteen"), Map.entry(20, "Twenty"),
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Map.entry(30, "Thirty"), Map.entry(40, "Forty"), Map.entry(50, "Fifty"), Map.entry(60, "Sixty"), Map.entry(70, "Seventy"), Map.entry(80, "Eighty"), Map.entry(90, "Ninety"), Map.entry(100, "Hundred"));
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private static final Map<Integer, String> THOUSAND_POWER_MAP = Map.ofEntries(Map.entry(1, "Thousand"), Map.entry(2, "Million"), Map.entry(3, "Billion"));
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private IntegerToEnglish() {
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}
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/**
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converts numbers < 1000 to english words
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*/
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private static String convertToWords(int number) {
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int remainder = number % 100;
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String result;
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if (remainder <= 20) {
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result = BASE_NUMBERS_MAP.get(remainder);
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} else if (BASE_NUMBERS_MAP.containsKey(remainder)) {
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result = BASE_NUMBERS_MAP.get(remainder);
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} else {
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int tensDigit = remainder / 10;
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int onesDigit = remainder % 10;
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result = String.format("%s %s", BASE_NUMBERS_MAP.get(tensDigit * 10), BASE_NUMBERS_MAP.get(onesDigit));
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}
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int hundredsDigit = number / 100;
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if (hundredsDigit > 0) {
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result = String.format("%s %s%s", BASE_NUMBERS_MAP.get(hundredsDigit), BASE_NUMBERS_MAP.get(100), result.isEmpty() ? "" : " " + result);
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}
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return result;
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}
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/**
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Only convert groups of three digit if they are non-zero
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*/
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public static String integerToEnglishWords(int number) {
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if (number == 0) {
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return "Zero";
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}
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StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
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int index = 0;
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while (number > 0) {
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int remainder = number % 1000;
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number /= 1000;
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if (remainder > 0) {
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String subResult = convertToWords(remainder);
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if (!subResult.isEmpty()) {
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if (!result.isEmpty()) {
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result.insert(0, subResult + " " + THOUSAND_POWER_MAP.get(index) + " ");
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} else {
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if (index > 0) {
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result = new StringBuilder(subResult + " " + THOUSAND_POWER_MAP.get(index));
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} else {
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result = new StringBuilder(subResult);
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}
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}
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}
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}
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index++;
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}
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return result.toString();
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}
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}

‎src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/greedyalgorithms/DigitSeparation.java

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package com.thealgorithms.greedyalgorithms;
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import java.util.ArrayList;
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import java.util.Collections;
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import java.util.List;
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/**
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* This class provides methods to separate the digits of a large positive number into a list.
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*/
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public class DigitSeparation {
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public DigitSeparation() {
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}
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/**
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* Separates the digits of a large positive number into a list in reverse order.
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* @param largeNumber The large number to separate digits from.
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* @return A list of digits in reverse order.
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*/
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public List<Long> digitSeparationReverseOrder(long largeNumber) {
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List<Long> result = new ArrayList<>();
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if (largeNumber != 0) {
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while (largeNumber != 0) {
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result.add(Math.abs(largeNumber % 10));
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largeNumber = largeNumber / 10;
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}
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} else {
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result.add(0L);
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}
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return result;
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}
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/**
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* Separates the digits of a large positive number into a list in forward order.
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* @param largeNumber The large number to separate digits from.
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* @return A list of digits in forward order.
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*/
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public List<Long> digitSeparationForwardOrder(long largeNumber) {
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List<Long> result = this.digitSeparationReverseOrder(largeNumber);
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Collections.reverse(result);
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return result;
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}
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}

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