Merge branch 'master' into binary_search_2d_improvement

Author: siriak

DIRECTORY.md

@@ -107,6 +107,7 @@
               * [ConnectedComponent](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/datastructures/graphs/ConnectedComponent.java)
               * [Cycles](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/datastructures/graphs/Cycles.java)
               * [DijkstraAlgorithm](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/datastructures/graphs/DijkstraAlgorithm.java)
+              * [EdmondsBlossomAlgorithm](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/datastructures/graphs/EdmondsBlossomAlgorithm.java)
               * [FloydWarshall](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/datastructures/graphs/FloydWarshall.java)
               * [FordFulkerson](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/datastructures/graphs/FordFulkerson.java)
               * [Graphs](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/datastructures/graphs/Graphs.java)
@@ -155,6 +156,7 @@
               * [SearchSinglyLinkedListRecursion](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/datastructures/lists/SearchSinglyLinkedListRecursion.java)
               * [SinglyLinkedList](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/datastructures/lists/SinglyLinkedList.java)
               * [SkipList](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/datastructures/lists/SkipList.java)
+              * [SortedLinkedList](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/datastructures/lists/SortedLinkedList.java)
             * [Node](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/datastructures/Node.java)
             * queues
               * [CircularQueue](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/datastructures/queues/CircularQueue.java)
@@ -265,7 +267,9 @@
             * [ActivitySelection](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/greedyalgorithms/ActivitySelection.java)
             * [CoinChange](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/greedyalgorithms/CoinChange.java)
             * [FractionalKnapsack](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/greedyalgorithms/FractionalKnapsack.java)
+            * [GaleShapley](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/greedyalgorithms/GaleShapley.java)
             * [JobSequencing](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/greedyalgorithms/JobSequencing.java)
+            * [MergeIntervals](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/greedyalgorithms/MergeIntervals.java)
             * [MinimizingLateness](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/greedyalgorithms/MinimizingLateness.java)
           * io
             * [BufferedReader](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/io/BufferedReader.java)
@@ -449,6 +453,8 @@
             * [TowerOfHanoi](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/others/TowerOfHanoi.java)
             * [TwoPointers](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/others/TwoPointers.java)
             * [Verhoeff](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/others/Verhoeff.java)
+          * Recursion
+            * [GenerateSubsets](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/Recursion/GenerateSubsets.java)
           * scheduling
             * [FCFSScheduling](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/FCFSScheduling.java)
             * [PreemptivePriorityScheduling](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/PreemptivePriorityScheduling.java)
@@ -498,7 +504,6 @@
             * [CombSort](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/CombSort.java)
             * [CountingSort](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/CountingSort.java)
             * [CycleSort](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/CycleSort.java)
-            * [DNFSort](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/DNFSort.java)
             * [DualPivotQuickSort](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/DualPivotQuickSort.java)
             * [DutchNationalFlagSort](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/DutchNationalFlagSort.java)
             * [ExchangeSort](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/sorts/ExchangeSort.java)
@@ -658,6 +663,7 @@
             * graphs
               * [BoruvkaAlgorithmTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/datastructures/graphs/BoruvkaAlgorithmTest.java)
               * [DijkstraAlgorithmTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/datastructures/graphs/DijkstraAlgorithmTest.java)
+              * [EdmondsBlossomAlgorithmTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/datastructures/graphs/EdmondsBlossomAlgorithmTest.java)
               * [FordFulkersonTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/datastructures/graphs/FordFulkersonTest.java)
               * [HamiltonianCycleTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/datastructures/graphs/HamiltonianCycleTest.java)
               * [KosarajuTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/datastructures/graphs/KosarajuTest.java)
@@ -682,6 +688,7 @@
               * [RotateSinglyLinkedListsTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/datastructures/lists/RotateSinglyLinkedListsTest.java)
               * [SinglyLinkedListTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/datastructures/lists/SinglyLinkedListTest.java)
               * [SkipListTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/datastructures/lists/SkipListTest.java)
+              * [SortedLinkedListTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/datastructures/lists/SortedLinkedListTest.java)
             * queues
               * [CircularQueueTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/datastructures/queues/CircularQueueTest.java)
               * [DequeTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/datastructures/queues/DequeTest.java)
@@ -749,7 +756,9 @@
             * [ActivitySelectionTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/greedyalgorithms/ActivitySelectionTest.java)
             * [CoinChangeTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/greedyalgorithms/CoinChangeTest.java)
             * [FractionalKnapsackTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/greedyalgorithms/FractionalKnapsackTest.java)
+            * [GaleShapleyTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/greedyalgorithms/GaleShapleyTest.java)
             * [JobSequencingTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/greedyalgorithms/JobSequencingTest.java)
+            * [MergeIntervalsTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/greedyalgorithms/MergeIntervalsTest.java)
             * [MinimizingLatenessTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/greedyalgorithms/MinimizingLatenessTest.java)
           * io
             * [BufferedReaderTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/io/BufferedReaderTest.java)
@@ -889,6 +898,8 @@
             * [TestPrintMatrixInSpiralOrder](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/others/TestPrintMatrixInSpiralOrder.java)
             * [TwoPointersTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/others/TwoPointersTest.java)
             * [WorstFitCPUTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/others/WorstFitCPUTest.java)
+          * Recursion
+            * [GenerateSubsetsTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/Recursion/GenerateSubsetsTest.java)
           * scheduling
             * [FCFSSchedulingTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/FCFSSchedulingTest.java)
             * [PreemptivePrioritySchedulingTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/scheduling/PreemptivePrioritySchedulingTest.java)

src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/Recursion/GenerateSubsets.java

@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+package com.thealgorithms.Recursion;
+
+// program to find power set of a string
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+
+public final class GenerateSubsets {
+
+    private GenerateSubsets() {
+        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Utility class");
+    }
+
+    public static List<String> subsetRecursion(String str) {
+        return doRecursion("", str);
+    }
+
+    private static List<String> doRecursion(String p, String up) {
+        if (up.isEmpty()) {
+            List<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
+            list.add(p);
+            return list;
+        }
+
+        // Taking the character
+        char ch = up.charAt(0);
+        // Adding the character in the recursion
+        List<String> left = doRecursion(p + ch, up.substring(1));
+        // Not adding the character in the recursion
+        List<String> right = doRecursion(p, up.substring(1));
+
+        left.addAll(right);
+
+        return left;
+    }
+}

src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/backtracking/MColoring.java

@@ -7,71 +7,90 @@
 import java.util.Set;
 
 /**
+ * Node class represents a graph node. Each node is associated with a color
+ * (initially 1) and contains a set of edges representing its adjacent nodes.
+ *
  * @author Bama Charan Chhandogi (https://github.com/BamaCharanChhandogi)
  */
 class Node {
-    int color = 1;
-    Set<Integer> edges = new HashSet<Integer>();
+    int color = 1; // Initial color for each node
+    Set<Integer> edges = new HashSet<Integer>(); // Set of edges representing adjacent nodes
 }
 
+/**
+ * MColoring class solves the M-Coloring problem where the goal is to determine
+ * if it's possible to color a graph using at most M colors such that no two
+ * adjacent nodes have the same color.
+ */
 public final class MColoring {
+
     private MColoring() {
-    }
-    static int possiblePaint(ArrayList<Node> nodes, int n, int m) {
+    } // Prevent instantiation of utility class
 
-        // Create a visited array of n nodes
+    /**
+     * Determines whether it is possible to color the graph using at most M colors.
+     *
+     * @param nodes List of nodes representing the graph.
+     * @param n     The total number of nodes in the graph.
+     * @param m     The maximum number of allowed colors.
+     * @return true if the graph can be colored using M colors, false otherwise.
+     */
+    static boolean isColoringPossible(ArrayList<Node> nodes, int n, int m) {
+
+        // Visited array keeps track of whether each node has been processed.
         ArrayList<Integer> visited = new ArrayList<Integer>();
         for (int i = 0; i < n + 1; i++) {
-            visited.add(0);
+            visited.add(0); // Initialize all nodes as unvisited (0)
         }
 
-        // maxColors used till now are 1 as
-        // all nodes are painted color 1
+        // The number of colors used so far (initially set to 1, since all nodes
+        // start with color 1).
         int maxColors = 1;
 
+        // Loop through all the nodes to ensure every node is visited, in case the
+        // graph is disconnected.
         for (int sv = 1; sv <= n; sv++) {
             if (visited.get(sv) > 0) {
-                continue;
+                continue; // Skip nodes that are already visited
             }
 
-            // If the starting point is unvisited,
-            // mark it visited and push it in queue
+            // If the node is unvisited, mark it as visited and add it to the queue for BFS.
             visited.set(sv, 1);
             Queue<Integer> q = new LinkedList<>();
             q.add(sv);
 
-            // BFS
+            // Perform BFS to process all nodes and their adjacent nodes
             while (q.size() != 0) {
-                int top = q.peek();
+                int top = q.peek(); // Get the current node from the queue
                 q.remove();
 
-                // Checking all adjacent nodes
-                // to "top" edge in our queue
+                // Check all adjacent nodes of the current node
                 for (int it : nodes.get(top).edges) {
 
-                    // If the color of the
-                    // adjacent node is same, increase it by
-                    // 1
+                    // If the adjacent node has the same color as the current node, increment its
+                    // color to avoid conflict.
                     if (nodes.get(top).color == nodes.get(it).color) {
                         nodes.get(it).color += 1;
                     }
 
-                    // If number of colors used exceeds m,
-                    // return 0
+                    // Keep track of the maximum number of colors used so far
                     maxColors = Math.max(maxColors, Math.max(nodes.get(top).color, nodes.get(it).color));
+
+                    // If the number of colors used exceeds the allowed limit M, return false.
                     if (maxColors > m) {
-                        return 0;
+                        return false;
                     }
 
-                    // If the adjacent node is not visited,
-                    // mark it visited and push it in queue
+                    // If the adjacent node hasn't been visited yet, mark it as visited and add it
+                    // to the queue for further processing.
                     if (visited.get(it) == 0) {
                         visited.set(it, 1);
                         q.add(it);
                     }
                 }
             }
         }
-        return 1;
+
+        return true; // Possible to color the entire graph with M or fewer colors.
     }
 }