Enhance docs, remove main, add tests in AnytoAny (#5916)

Author: Hardvan

DIRECTORY.md

@@ -789,6 +789,7 @@
           * conversions
             * [AffineConverterTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/conversions/AffineConverterTest.java)
             * [AnyBaseToDecimalTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/conversions/AnyBaseToDecimalTest.java)
+            * [AnytoAnyTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/conversions/AnytoAnyTest.java)
             * [BinaryToDecimalTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/conversions/BinaryToDecimalTest.java)
             * [BinaryToHexadecimalTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/conversions/BinaryToHexadecimalTest.java)
             * [BinaryToOctalTest](https://github.com/TheAlgorithms/Java/blob/master/src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/conversions/BinaryToOctalTest.java)

src/main/java/com/thealgorithms/conversions/AnytoAny.java

@@ -1,35 +1,68 @@
 package com.thealgorithms.conversions;
 
-import java.util.Scanner;
-
-// given a source number , source base, destination base, this code can give you the destination
-// number.
-// sn ,sb,db ---> ()dn  .   this is what we have to do    .
-
+/**
+ * A utility class for converting numbers from any base to any other base.
+ *
+ * This class provides a method to convert a source number from a given base
+ * to a destination number in another base. Valid bases range from 2 to 10.
+ */
 public final class AnytoAny {
     private AnytoAny() {
     }
 
-    public static void main(String[] args) {
-        Scanner scn = new Scanner(System.in);
-        int sn = scn.nextInt();
-        int sb = scn.nextInt();
-        int db = scn.nextInt();
-        int m = 1;
-        int dec = 0;
-        int dn = 0;
-        while (sn != 0) {
-            dec = dec + (sn % 10) * m;
-            m *= sb;
-            sn /= 10;
+    /**
+     * Converts a number from a source base to a destination base.
+     *
+     * @param sourceNumber The number in the source base (as an integer).
+     * @param sourceBase The base of the source number (between 2 and 10).
+     * @param destBase The base to which the number should be converted (between 2 and 10).
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the bases are not between 2 and 10.
+     * @return The converted number in the destination base (as an integer).
+     */
+    public static int convertBase(int sourceNumber, int sourceBase, int destBase) {
+        if (sourceBase < 2 || sourceBase > 10 || destBase < 2 || destBase > 10) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Bases must be between 2 and 10.");
+        }
+
+        int decimalValue = toDecimal(sourceNumber, sourceBase);
+        return fromDecimal(decimalValue, destBase);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Converts a number from a given base to its decimal representation (base 10).
+     *
+     * @param number The number in the original base.
+     * @param base The base of the given number.
+     * @return The decimal representation of the number.
+     */
+    private static int toDecimal(int number, int base) {
+        int decimalValue = 0;
+        int multiplier = 1;
+
+        while (number != 0) {
+            decimalValue += (number % 10) * multiplier;
+            multiplier *= base;
+            number /= 10;
         }
-        m = 1;
-        while (dec != 0) {
-            dn = dn + (dec % db) * m;
-            m *= 10;
-            dec /= db;
+        return decimalValue;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Converts a decimal (base 10) number to a specified base.
+     *
+     * @param decimal The decimal number to convert.
+     * @param base The destination base for conversion.
+     * @return The number in the specified base.
+     */
+    private static int fromDecimal(int decimal, int base) {
+        int result = 0;
+        int multiplier = 1;
+
+        while (decimal != 0) {
+            result += (decimal % base) * multiplier;
+            multiplier *= 10;
+            decimal /= base;
         }
-        System.out.println(dn);
-        scn.close();
+        return result;
     }
 }

src/test/java/com/thealgorithms/conversions/AnytoAnyTest.java

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+package com.thealgorithms.conversions;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
+
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+
+public class AnytoAnyTest {
+
+    @Test
+    void testValidConversions() {
+        assertEquals(101, AnytoAny.convertBase(5, 10, 2), "Decimal 5 should convert to binary 101");
+        assertEquals(2, AnytoAny.convertBase(2, 2, 10), "Binary 10 should convert to decimal 2");
+        assertEquals(6, AnytoAny.convertBase(110, 2, 8), "Binary 110 should convert to octal 6");
+        assertEquals(111, AnytoAny.convertBase(7, 10, 2), "Decimal 7 should convert to binary 111");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testDecimalToBinary() {
+        assertEquals(1101, AnytoAny.convertBase(13, 10, 2), "Decimal 13 should convert to binary 1101");
+        assertEquals(0, AnytoAny.convertBase(0, 10, 2), "Decimal 0 should convert to binary 0");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testBinaryToDecimal() {
+        assertEquals(13, AnytoAny.convertBase(1101, 2, 10), "Binary 1101 should convert to decimal 13");
+        assertEquals(0, AnytoAny.convertBase(0, 2, 10), "Binary 0 should convert to decimal 0");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testOctalToDecimal() {
+        assertEquals(8, AnytoAny.convertBase(10, 8, 10), "Octal 10 should convert to decimal 8");
+        assertEquals(65, AnytoAny.convertBase(101, 8, 10), "Octal 101 should convert to decimal 65");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testInvalidBases() {
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> AnytoAny.convertBase(5, 1, 10), "Source base less than 2 should throw IllegalArgumentException");
+
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> AnytoAny.convertBase(5, 10, 11), "Destination base greater than 10 should throw IllegalArgumentException");
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testLargeNumberConversion() {
+        assertEquals(1111101000, AnytoAny.convertBase(1000, 10, 2), "Decimal 1000 should convert to binary 1111101000");
+        assertEquals(1750, AnytoAny.convertBase(1000, 10, 8), "Decimal 1000 should convert to octal 1750");
+    }
+}