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Copy file name to clipboardExpand all lines: lectures/money_inflation.md
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@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ We shall describe two distinct but closely related ways of computing a pair $\
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But first it is instructive to describe a special type of equilibrium known as a **steady state**.
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In a steadystate equilibrium, a subset of key variables remain constant or **invariant** over time, while remaining variables can be expressed as functions of those constant variables.
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In a steady-state equilibrium, a subset of key variables remain constant or **invariant** over time, while remaining variables can be expressed as functions of those constant variables.
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Finding such state variables is something of an art.
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### Steady states
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In a **steadystate** equilibrium of the model we are studying,
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In a steady-state equilibrium of the model we are studying,
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$$
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\begin{aligned}
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R_t \in [\underline R, \overline R], \quad t \geq 0.
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$$
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Maximizing steadystate seigniorage {eq}`eq:SSsigng` with respect to $\bar R$, we find that the maximizing rate of return on currency is
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Maximizing steady-state seigniorage {eq}`eq:SSsigng` with respect to $\bar R$, we find that the maximizing rate of return on currency is
Let's set some parameter values and compute possible steadystate rates of return on currency $\bar R$, the seigniorage maximizing rate of return on currency, and an object that we'll discuss later, namely, an initial price level $p_0$ associated with the maximum steadystate rate of return on currency.
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Let's set some parameter values and compute possible steady-state rates of return on currency $\bar R$, the seigniorage maximizing rate of return on currency, and an object that we'll discuss later, namely, an initial price level $p_0$ associated with the maximum steady-state rate of return on currency.
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First, we create a `namedtuple` to store parameters so that we can reuse this `namedtuple` in our functions throughout this lecture
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Let's print the two steady-state rates of return $\bar R$ and the associated seigniorage revenues that the government collects.
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(By construction, both steadystate rates of return should raise the same amounts real revenue.)
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(By construction, both steady-state rates of return should raise the same amounts real revenue.)
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We hope that the following code will confirm this.
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print(f'R_l, g_l = {msm.R_l:.4f}, {g2:.4f}')
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```
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Now let's compute the maximum steadystate amount of seigniorage that could be gathered by printing money and the state state rate of return on money that attains it.
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Now let's compute the maximum steady-state amount of seigniorage that could be gathered by printing money and the state state rate of return on money that attains it.
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## Two computation strategies
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%b_0 = \gamma_1 - \gamma_0 R_0^{-1}
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%$$
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Remember that there exist two steadystate equilibrium values $ R_\ell < R_u$ of the rate of return on currency $R_t$.
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Remember that there exist two steady-state equilibrium values $ R_\ell < R_u$ of the rate of return on currency $R_t$.
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We proceed as follows.
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The quantity $1 - R_t$ can be interpreted as an **inflation tax rate** that the government imposes on holders of its currency.
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We shall soon see that the existence of two steadystate rates of return on currency
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We shall soon see that the existence of two steady-state rates of return on currency
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that serve to finance the government deficit of $g$ indicates the presence of a **Laffer curve** in the inflation tax rate.
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```{note}
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$$ (eq:stardynamics)
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This equation represents the dynamics of our system in a way that lets us isolate the
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force that causes gross inflation to converge to the inverse of the lower steadystate rate
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force that causes gross inflation to converge to the inverse of the lower steady-state rate
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of inflation $R_\ell$ that we discovered earlier.
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Staring at equation {eq}`eq:stardynamics` indicates that unless
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