Parsing.cpp

/*
  Parsing.cpp - HTTP request parsing.

  Copyright (c) 2015 Ivan Grokhotkov. All rights reserved.

  This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
  modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
  License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
  version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.

  This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
  Lesser General Public License for more details.

  You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
  License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
  Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
  Modified 8 May 2015 by Hristo Gochkov (proper post and file upload handling)
*/

#include <Arduino.h>
#include "WiFiServer.h"
#include "WiFiClient.h"
#include "WebServer.h"
#include "detail/mimetable.h"

//#define DEBUG_ESP_HTTP_SERVER
#ifdef DEBUG_ESP_PORT
#define DEBUG_OUTPUT DEBUG_ESP_PORT
#else
#define DEBUG_OUTPUT Serial
#endif

#ifndef WEBSERVER_MAX_POST_ARGS
#define WEBSERVER_MAX_POST_ARGS 32
#endif

static const char Content_Type[] PROGMEM = "Content-Type";
static const char filename[] PROGMEM = "filename";

static char* readBytesWithTimeout(WiFiClient& client, size_t maxLength, size_t& dataLength, int timeout_ms)
{
  char *buf = nullptr;
  dataLength = 0;
  while (dataLength < maxLength) {
    int tries = timeout_ms;
    size_t newLength;
    while (!(newLength = client.available()) && tries--) delay(1);
    if (!newLength) {
      break;
    }
    if (!buf) {
      buf = (char *) malloc(newLength + 1);
      if (!buf) {
        return nullptr;
      }
    }
    else {
      char* newBuf = (char *) realloc(buf, dataLength + newLength + 1);
      if (!newBuf) {
        free(buf);
        return nullptr;
      }
      buf = newBuf;
    }
    client.readBytes(buf + dataLength, newLength);
    dataLength += newLength;
    buf[dataLength] = '\0';
  }
  return buf;
}

bool WebServer::_parseRequest(WiFiClient& client) {
  // Read the first line of HTTP request
  String req = client.readStringUntil('\r');
  client.readStringUntil('\n');
  //reset header value
  for (int i = 0; i < _headerKeysCount; ++i) {
    _currentHeaders[i].value =String();
   }

  // First line of HTTP request looks like "GET /path HTTP/1.1"
  // Retrieve the "/path" part by finding the spaces
  int addr_start = req.indexOf(' ');
  int addr_end = req.indexOf(' ', addr_start + 1);
  if (addr_start == -1 || addr_end == -1) {
#ifdef DEBUG_ESP_HTTP_SERVER
    DEBUG_OUTPUT.print("Invalid request: ");
    DEBUG_OUTPUT.println(req);
#endif
    return false;
  }

  String methodStr = req.substring(0, addr_start);
  String url = req.substring(addr_start + 1, addr_end);
  String versionEnd = req.substring(addr_end + 8);
  _currentVersion = atoi(versionEnd.c_str());
  String searchStr = "";
  int hasSearch = url.indexOf('?');
  if (hasSearch != -1){
    searchStr = url.substring(hasSearch + 1);
    url = url.substring(0, hasSearch);
  }
  _currentUri = url;
  _chunked = false;

  HTTPMethod method = HTTP_GET;
  if (methodStr == F("POST")) {
    method = HTTP_POST;
  } else if (methodStr == F("DELETE")) {
    method = HTTP_DELETE;
  } else if (methodStr == F("OPTIONS")) {
    method = HTTP_OPTIONS;
  } else if (methodStr == F("PUT")) {
    method = HTTP_PUT;
  } else if (methodStr == F("PATCH")) {
    method = HTTP_PATCH;
  }
  _currentMethod = method;

#ifdef DEBUG_ESP_HTTP_SERVER
  DEBUG_OUTPUT.print("method: ");
  DEBUG_OUTPUT.print(methodStr);
  DEBUG_OUTPUT.print(" url: ");
  DEBUG_OUTPUT.print(url);
  DEBUG_OUTPUT.print(" search: ");
  DEBUG_OUTPUT.println(searchStr);
#endif

  //attach handler
  RequestHandler* handler;
  for (handler = _firstHandler; handler; handler = handler->next()) {
    if (handler->canHandle(_currentMethod, _currentUri))
      break;
  }
  _currentHandler = handler;

  String formData;
  // below is needed only when POST type request
  if (method == HTTP_POST || method == HTTP_PUT || method == HTTP_PATCH || method == HTTP_DELETE){
    String boundaryStr;
    String headerName;
    String headerValue;
    bool isForm = false;
    bool isEncoded = false;
    uint32_t contentLength = 0;
    //parse headers
    while(1){
      req = client.readStringUntil('\r');
      client.readStringUntil('\n');
      if (req == "") break;//no moar headers
      int headerDiv = req.indexOf(':');
      if (headerDiv == -1){
        break;
      }
      headerName = req.substring(0, headerDiv);
      headerValue = req.substring(headerDiv + 1);
      headerValue.trim();
       _collectHeader(headerName.c_str(),headerValue.c_str());

      #ifdef DEBUG_ESP_HTTP_SERVER
      DEBUG_OUTPUT.print("headerName: ");
      DEBUG_OUTPUT.println(headerName);
      DEBUG_OUTPUT.print("headerValue: ");
      DEBUG_OUTPUT.println(headerValue);
      #endif

      if (headerName.equalsIgnoreCase(FPSTR(Content_Type))){
        using namespace mime;
        if (headerValue.startsWith(FPSTR(mimeTable[txt].mimeType))){
          isForm = false;
        } else if (headerValue.startsWith(F("application/x-www-form-urlencoded"))){
          isForm = false;
          isEncoded = true;
        } else if (headerValue.startsWith(F("multipart/"))){
          boundaryStr = headerValue.substring(headerValue.indexOf('=') + 1);
          boundaryStr.replace("\"","");
          isForm = true;
        }
      } else if (headerName.equalsIgnoreCase(F("Content-Length"))){
        contentLength = headerValue.toInt();
      } else if (headerName.equalsIgnoreCase(F("Host"))){
        _hostHeader = headerValue;
      }
    }

    if (!isForm){
      size_t plainLength;
      char* plainBuf = readBytesWithTimeout(client, contentLength, plainLength, HTTP_MAX_POST_WAIT);
      if (plainLength < contentLength) {
      	free(plainBuf);
      	return false;
      }
      if (contentLength > 0) {
        if(isEncoded){
          //url encoded form
          if (searchStr != "") searchStr += '&';
          searchStr += plainBuf;
        }
        _parseArguments(searchStr);
        if(!isEncoded){
          //plain post json or other data
          RequestArgument& arg = _currentArgs[_currentArgCount++];
          arg.key = F("plain");
          arg.value = String(plainBuf);
        }

  #ifdef DEBUG_ESP_HTTP_SERVER
        DEBUG_OUTPUT.print("Plain: ");
        DEBUG_OUTPUT.println(plainBuf);
  #endif
        free(plainBuf);
      } else {
        // No content - but we can still have arguments in the URL.
        _parseArguments(searchStr);
      }
    }

    if (isForm){
      _parseArguments(searchStr);
      if (!_parseForm(client, boundaryStr, contentLength)) {
        return false;
      }
    }
  } else {
    String headerName;
    String headerValue;
    //parse headers
    while(1){
      req = client.readStringUntil('\r');
      client.readStringUntil('\n');
      if (req == "") break;//no moar headers
      int headerDiv = req.indexOf(':');
      if (headerDiv == -1){
        break;
      }
      headerName = req.substring(0, headerDiv);
      headerValue = req.substring(headerDiv + 2);
      _collectHeader(headerName.c_str(),headerValue.c_str());

	  #ifdef DEBUG_ESP_HTTP_SERVER
	  DEBUG_OUTPUT.print("headerName: ");
	  DEBUG_OUTPUT.println(headerName);
	  DEBUG_OUTPUT.print("headerValue: ");
	  DEBUG_OUTPUT.println(headerValue);
	  #endif

	  if (headerName.equalsIgnoreCase("Host")){
        _hostHeader = headerValue;
      }
    }
    _parseArguments(searchStr);
  }
  client.flush();

#ifdef DEBUG_ESP_HTTP_SERVER
  DEBUG_OUTPUT.print("Request: ");
  DEBUG_OUTPUT.println(url);
  DEBUG_OUTPUT.print(" Arguments: ");
  DEBUG_OUTPUT.println(searchStr);
#endif

  return true;
}

bool WebServer::_collectHeader(const char* headerName, const char* headerValue) {
  for (int i = 0; i < _headerKeysCount; i++) {
    if (_currentHeaders[i].key.equalsIgnoreCase(headerName)) {
            _currentHeaders[i].value=headerValue;
            return true;
        }
  }
  return false;
}

void WebServer::_parseArguments(String data) {
#ifdef DEBUG_ESP_HTTP_SERVER
  DEBUG_OUTPUT.print("args: ");
  DEBUG_OUTPUT.println(data);
#endif
  if (_currentArgs)
    delete[] _currentArgs;
  _currentArgs = 0;
  if (data.length() == 0) {
    _currentArgCount = 0;
    _currentArgs = new RequestArgument[1];
    return;
  }
  _currentArgCount = 1;

  for (int i = 0; i < (int)data.length(); ) {
    i = data.indexOf('&', i);
    if (i == -1)
      break;
    ++i;
    ++_currentArgCount;
  }
#ifdef DEBUG_ESP_HTTP_SERVER
  DEBUG_OUTPUT.print("args count: ");
  DEBUG_OUTPUT.println(_currentArgCount);
#endif

  _currentArgs = new RequestArgument[_currentArgCount+1];
  int pos = 0;
  int iarg;
  for (iarg = 0; iarg < _currentArgCount;) {
    int equal_sign_index = data.indexOf('=', pos);
    int next_arg_index = data.indexOf('&', pos);
#ifdef DEBUG_ESP_HTTP_SERVER
    DEBUG_OUTPUT.print("pos ");
    DEBUG_OUTPUT.print(pos);
    DEBUG_OUTPUT.print("=@ ");
    DEBUG_OUTPUT.print(equal_sign_index);
    DEBUG_OUTPUT.print(" &@ ");
    DEBUG_OUTPUT.println(next_arg_index);
#endif
    if ((equal_sign_index == -1) || ((equal_sign_index > next_arg_index) && (next_arg_index != -1))) {
#ifdef DEBUG_ESP_HTTP_SERVER
      DEBUG_OUTPUT.print("arg missing value: ");
      DEBUG_OUTPUT.println(iarg);
#endif
      if (next_arg_index == -1)
        break;
      pos = next_arg_index + 1;
      continue;
    }
    RequestArgument& arg = _currentArgs[iarg];
    arg.key = urlDecode(data.substring(pos, equal_sign_index));
    arg.value = urlDecode(data.substring(equal_sign_index + 1, next_arg_index));
#ifdef DEBUG_ESP_HTTP_SERVER
    DEBUG_OUTPUT.print("arg ");
    DEBUG_OUTPUT.print(iarg);
    DEBUG_OUTPUT.print(" key: ");
    DEBUG_OUTPUT.print(arg.key);
    DEBUG_OUTPUT.print(" value: ");
    DEBUG_OUTPUT.println(arg.value);
#endif
    ++iarg;
    if (next_arg_index == -1)
      break;
    pos = next_arg_index + 1;
  }
  _currentArgCount = iarg;
#ifdef DEBUG_ESP_HTTP_SERVER
  DEBUG_OUTPUT.print("args count: ");
  DEBUG_OUTPUT.println(_currentArgCount);
#endif

}

void WebServer::_uploadWriteByte(uint8_t b){
  if (_currentUpload->currentSize == HTTP_UPLOAD_BUFLEN){
    if(_currentHandler && _currentHandler->canUpload(_currentUri))
      _currentHandler->upload(*this, _currentUri, *_currentUpload);
    _currentUpload->totalSize += _currentUpload->currentSize;
    _currentUpload->currentSize = 0;
  }
  _currentUpload->buf[_currentUpload->currentSize++] = b;
}

int WebServer::_uploadReadByte(WiFiClient& client){
  int res = client.read();
  if(res == -1){
    while(!client.available() && client.connected())
      delay(2);
    res = client.read();
  }
  return res;
}

bool WebServer::_parseForm(WiFiClient& client, String boundary, uint32_t len){
  (void) len;
#ifdef DEBUG_ESP_HTTP_SERVER
  DEBUG_OUTPUT.print("Parse Form: Boundary: ");
  DEBUG_OUTPUT.print(boundary);
  DEBUG_OUTPUT.print(" Length: ");
  DEBUG_OUTPUT.println(len);
#endif
  String line;
  int retry = 0;
  do {
    line = client.readStringUntil('\r');
    ++retry;
  } while (line.length() == 0 && retry < 3);

  client.readStringUntil('\n');
  //start reading the form
  if (line == ("--"+boundary)){
	 if(_postArgs) delete[] _postArgs;
	 _postArgs = new RequestArgument[WEBSERVER_MAX_POST_ARGS];
     _postArgsLen = 0;
    while(1){
      String argName;
      String argValue;
      String argType;
      String argFilename;
      bool argIsFile = false;

      line = client.readStringUntil('\r');
      client.readStringUntil('\n');
      if (line.length() > 19 && line.substring(0, 19).equalsIgnoreCase(F("Content-Disposition"))){
        int nameStart = line.indexOf('=');
        if (nameStart != -1){
          argName = line.substring(nameStart+2);
          nameStart = argName.indexOf('=');
          if (nameStart == -1){
            argName = argName.substring(0, argName.length() - 1);
          } else {
            argFilename = argName.substring(nameStart+2, argName.length() - 1);
            argName = argName.substring(0, argName.indexOf('"'));
            argIsFile = true;
#ifdef DEBUG_ESP_HTTP_SERVER
            DEBUG_OUTPUT.print("PostArg FileName: ");
            DEBUG_OUTPUT.println(argFilename);
#endif
            //use GET to set the filename if uploading using blob
            if (argFilename == F("blob") && hasArg(FPSTR(filename))) 
              argFilename = arg(FPSTR(filename));
          }
#ifdef DEBUG_ESP_HTTP_SERVER
          DEBUG_OUTPUT.print("PostArg Name: ");
          DEBUG_OUTPUT.println(argName);
#endif
          using namespace mime;
          argType = FPSTR(mimeTable[txt].mimeType);
          line = client.readStringUntil('\r');
          client.readStringUntil('\n');
          if (line.length() > 12 && line.substring(0, 12).equalsIgnoreCase(FPSTR(Content_Type))){
            argType = line.substring(line.indexOf(':')+2);
            //skip next line
            client.readStringUntil('\r');
            client.readStringUntil('\n');
          }
#ifdef DEBUG_ESP_HTTP_SERVER
          DEBUG_OUTPUT.print("PostArg Type: ");
          DEBUG_OUTPUT.println(argType);
#endif
          if (!argIsFile){
            while(1){
              line = client.readStringUntil('\r');
              client.readStringUntil('\n');
              if (line.startsWith("--"+boundary)) break;
              if (argValue.length() > 0) argValue += "\n";
              argValue += line;
            }
#ifdef DEBUG_ESP_HTTP_SERVER
            DEBUG_OUTPUT.print("PostArg Value: ");
            DEBUG_OUTPUT.println(argValue);
            DEBUG_OUTPUT.println();
#endif

            RequestArgument& arg = _postArgs[_postArgsLen++];
            arg.key = argName;
            arg.value = argValue;

            if (line == ("--"+boundary+"--")){
#ifdef DEBUG_ESP_HTTP_SERVER
              DEBUG_OUTPUT.println("Done Parsing POST");
#endif
              break;
            }
          } else {
            _currentUpload.reset(new HTTPUpload());
            _currentUpload->status = UPLOAD_FILE_START;
            _currentUpload->name = argName;
            _currentUpload->filename = argFilename;
            _currentUpload->type = argType;
            _currentUpload->totalSize = 0;
            _currentUpload->currentSize = 0;
#ifdef DEBUG_ESP_HTTP_SERVER
            DEBUG_OUTPUT.print("Start File: ");
            DEBUG_OUTPUT.print(_currentUpload->filename);
            DEBUG_OUTPUT.print(" Type: ");
            DEBUG_OUTPUT.println(_currentUpload->type);
#endif
            if(_currentHandler && _currentHandler->canUpload(_currentUri))
              _currentHandler->upload(*this, _currentUri, *_currentUpload);
            _currentUpload->status = UPLOAD_FILE_WRITE;
            int argByte = _uploadReadByte(client);
readfile:

            while(argByte != 0x0D){
                if(argByte < 0) return _parseFormUploadAborted();
                _uploadWriteByte(argByte);
                argByte = _uploadReadByte(client);
            }

            argByte = _uploadReadByte(client);
            if(argByte < 0) return _parseFormUploadAborted();
            if (argByte == 0x0A){
              argByte = _uploadReadByte(client);
              if(argByte < 0) return _parseFormUploadAborted();
              if ((char)argByte != '-'){
                //continue reading the file
                _uploadWriteByte(0x0D);
                _uploadWriteByte(0x0A);
                goto readfile;
              } else {
                argByte = _uploadReadByte(client);
                if(argByte < 0) return _parseFormUploadAborted();
                if ((char)argByte != '-'){
                  //continue reading the file
                  _uploadWriteByte(0x0D);
                  _uploadWriteByte(0x0A);
                  _uploadWriteByte((uint8_t)('-'));
                  goto readfile;
                }
              }

              uint8_t endBuf[boundary.length()];
              client.readBytes(endBuf, boundary.length());

              if (strstr((const char*)endBuf, boundary.c_str()) != NULL){
                if(_currentHandler && _currentHandler->canUpload(_currentUri))
                  _currentHandler->upload(*this, _currentUri, *_currentUpload);
                _currentUpload->totalSize += _currentUpload->currentSize;
                _currentUpload->status = UPLOAD_FILE_END;
                if(_currentHandler && _currentHandler->canUpload(_currentUri))
                  _currentHandler->upload(*this, _currentUri, *_currentUpload);
#ifdef DEBUG_ESP_HTTP_SERVER
                DEBUG_OUTPUT.print("End File: ");
                DEBUG_OUTPUT.print(_currentUpload->filename);
                DEBUG_OUTPUT.print(" Type: ");
                DEBUG_OUTPUT.print(_currentUpload->type);
                DEBUG_OUTPUT.print(" Size: ");
                DEBUG_OUTPUT.println(_currentUpload->totalSize);
#endif
                line = client.readStringUntil(0x0D);
                client.readStringUntil(0x0A);
                if (line == "--"){
#ifdef DEBUG_ESP_HTTP_SERVER
                  DEBUG_OUTPUT.println("Done Parsing POST");
#endif
                  break;
                }
                continue;
              } else {
                _uploadWriteByte(0x0D);
                _uploadWriteByte(0x0A);
                _uploadWriteByte((uint8_t)('-'));
                _uploadWriteByte((uint8_t)('-'));
                uint32_t i = 0;
                while(i < boundary.length()){
                  _uploadWriteByte(endBuf[i++]);
                }
                argByte = _uploadReadByte(client);
                goto readfile;
              }
            } else {
              _uploadWriteByte(0x0D);
              goto readfile;
            }
            break;
          }
        }
      }
    }

    int iarg;
    int totalArgs = ((WEBSERVER_MAX_POST_ARGS - _postArgsLen) < _currentArgCount)?(WEBSERVER_MAX_POST_ARGS - _postArgsLen):_currentArgCount;
    for (iarg = 0; iarg < totalArgs; iarg++){
      RequestArgument& arg = _postArgs[_postArgsLen++];
      arg.key = _currentArgs[iarg].key;
      arg.value = _currentArgs[iarg].value;
    }
    if (_currentArgs) delete[] _currentArgs;
    _currentArgs = new RequestArgument[_postArgsLen];
    for (iarg = 0; iarg < _postArgsLen; iarg++){
      RequestArgument& arg = _currentArgs[iarg];
      arg.key = _postArgs[iarg].key;
      arg.value = _postArgs[iarg].value;
    }
    _currentArgCount = iarg;
    if (_postArgs) {
      delete[] _postArgs;
      _postArgs=nullptr;
      _postArgsLen = 0;
    }
    return true;
  }
#ifdef DEBUG_ESP_HTTP_SERVER
  DEBUG_OUTPUT.print("Error: line: ");
  DEBUG_OUTPUT.println(line);
#endif
  return false;
}

String WebServer::urlDecode(const String& text)
{
	String decoded = "";
	char temp[] = "0x00";
	unsigned int len = text.length();
	unsigned int i = 0;
	while (i < len)
	{
		char decodedChar;
		char encodedChar = text.charAt(i++);
		if ((encodedChar == '%') && (i + 1 < len))
		{
			temp[2] = text.charAt(i++);
			temp[3] = text.charAt(i++);

			decodedChar = strtol(temp, NULL, 16);
		}
		else {
			if (encodedChar == '+')
			{
				decodedChar = ' ';
			}
			else {
				decodedChar = encodedChar;  // normal ascii char
			}
		}
		decoded += decodedChar;
	}
	return decoded;
}

bool WebServer::_parseFormUploadAborted(){
  _currentUpload->status = UPLOAD_FILE_ABORTED;
  if(_currentHandler && _currentHandler->canUpload(_currentUri))
    _currentHandler->upload(*this, _currentUri, *_currentUpload);
  return false;
}